@itemize @bullet
@item Copyright @copyright{} 2008 The OpenOCD Project
@item Copyright @copyright{} 2007-2008 Spencer Oliver @email{spen@@spen-soft.co.uk}
-@item Copyright @copyright{} 2008 Oyvind Harboe @email{oyvind.harboe@@zylin.com}
+@item Copyright @copyright{} 2008-2010 Oyvind Harboe @email{oyvind.harboe@@zylin.com}
@item Copyright @copyright{} 2008 Duane Ellis @email{openocd@@duaneellis.com}
@item Copyright @copyright{} 2009-2010 David Brownell
@end itemize
other one is used to provide a debug adapter.
Also, some development boards integrate an FT2232 chip to serve as
-a built-in low coast debug adapter and usb-to-serial solution.
+a built-in low cost debug adapter and usb-to-serial solution.
@itemize @bullet
@item @b{usbjtag}
JIM-Tcl commands, and (older) the orginal command interpreter.
@item @b{Commands}
-@* At the OpenOCD telnet command line (or via the GDB mon command) one
+@* At the OpenOCD telnet command line (or via the GDB monitor command) one
can type a Tcl for() loop, set variables, etc.
Some of the commands documented in this guide are implemented
as Tcl scripts, from a @file{startup.tcl} file internal to the server.
@enumerate
@item the current directory,
@item any search dir specified on the command line using the @option{-s} option,
+@item any search dir specified using the @command{add_script_search_dir} command,
@item @file{$HOME/.openocd} (not on Windows),
@item the site wide script library @file{$pkgdatadir/site} and
@item the OpenOCD-supplied script library @file{$pkgdatadir/scripts}.
If both the chip and the board support adaptive clocking,
use the @command{jtag_rclk}
command, in case your board is used with JTAG adapter which
-also supports it. Otherwise use @command{jtag_khz}.
+also supports it. Otherwise use @command{adapter_khz}.
Set the slow rate at the beginning of the reset sequence,
and the faster rate as soon as the clocks are at full speed.
@end deffn
@deffn Command {interface_list}
-List the interface drivers that have been built into
+List the debug adapter drivers that have been built into
the running copy of OpenOCD.
@end deffn
-@deffn Command {jtag interface}
-Returns the name of the interface driver being used.
+@deffn Command {adapter_name}
+Returns the name of the debug adapter driver being used.
@end deffn
@section Interface Drivers
@deffn Command {parport_toggling_time} [nanoseconds]
Displays how many nanoseconds the hardware needs to toggle TCK;
the parport driver uses this value to obey the
-@command{jtag_khz} configuration.
+@command{adapter_khz} configuration.
When the optional @var{nanoseconds} parameter is given,
that setting is changed before displaying the current value.
oscilloscope, follow the procedure below:
@example
> parport_toggling_time 1000
-> jtag_khz 500
+> adapter_khz 500
@end example
This sets the maximum JTAG clock speed of the hardware, but
the actual speed probably deviates from the requested 500 kHz.
@example
> parport_toggling_time <measured nanoseconds>
@end example
-Now the clock speed will be a better match for @command{jtag_khz rate}
+Now the clock speed will be a better match for @command{adapter_khz rate}
commands given in OpenOCD scripts and event handlers.
You can do something similar with many digital multimeters, but note
that you'll probably need to run the clock continuously for several
seconds before it decides what clock rate to show. Adjust the
toggling time up or down until the measured clock rate is a good
-match for the jtag_khz rate you specified; be conservative.
+match for the adapter_khz rate you specified; be conservative.
@end quotation
@end deffn
may not be the fastest solution.
@b{NOTE:} Script writers should consider using @command{jtag_rclk}
-instead of @command{jtag_khz}, but only for (ARM) cores and boards
+instead of @command{adapter_khz}, but only for (ARM) cores and boards
which support adaptive clocking.
-@deffn {Command} jtag_khz max_speed_kHz
+@deffn {Command} adapter_khz max_speed_kHz
A non-zero speed is in KHZ. Hence: 3000 is 3mhz.
JTAG interfaces usually support a limited number of
speeds. The speed actually used won't be faster
requirements that all reset pulses last for at least a
certain amount of time; and reset buttons commonly have
hardware debouncing.
-Use the @command{jtag_nsrst_delay} and @command{jtag_ntrst_delay}
+Use the @command{adapter_nsrst_delay} and @command{jtag_ntrst_delay}
commands to say when extra delays are needed.
@item @emph{Drive type} ... Reset lines often have a pullup
@section Commands for Handling Resets
-@deffn {Command} jtag_nsrst_assert_width milliseconds
+@deffn {Command} adapter_nsrst_assert_width milliseconds
Minimum amount of time (in milliseconds) OpenOCD should wait
after asserting nSRST (active-low system reset) before
allowing it to be deasserted.
@end deffn
-@deffn {Command} jtag_nsrst_delay milliseconds
+@deffn {Command} adapter_nsrst_delay milliseconds
How long (in milliseconds) OpenOCD should wait after deasserting
nSRST (active-low system reset) before starting new JTAG operations.
When a board has a reset button connected to SRST line it will
@item @code{arm11} -- this is a generation of ARMv6 cores
@item @code{arm720t} -- this is an ARMv4 core with an MMU
@item @code{arm7tdmi} -- this is an ARMv4 core
-@item @code{arm920t} -- this is an ARMv5 core with an MMU
+@item @code{arm920t} -- this is an ARMv4 core with an MMU
@item @code{arm926ejs} -- this is an ARMv5 core with an MMU
@item @code{arm966e} -- this is an ARMv5 core
@item @code{arm9tdmi} -- this is an ARMv4 core
@item @code{fa526} -- resembles arm920 (w/o Thumb)
@item @code{feroceon} -- resembles arm926
@item @code{mips_m4k} -- a MIPS core. This supports one variant:
-@itemize @minus
-@item @code{ejtag_srst} ... Use this when debugging targets that do not
-provide a functional SRST line on the EJTAG connector. This causes
-OpenOCD to instead use an EJTAG software reset command to reset the
-processor.
-You still need to enable @option{srst} on the @command{reset_config}
-command to enable OpenOCD hardware reset functionality.
-@end itemize
@item @code{xscale} -- this is actually an architecture,
not a CPU type. It is based on the ARMv5 architecture.
There are several variants defined:
mychip.cpu configure -event gdb-attach my_attach_proc
mychip.cpu configure -event gdb-attach @{
echo "Reset..."
- reset halt
+ # To make flash probe and gdb load to flash work we need a reset init.
+ reset init
@}
@end example
@* Currently not used (goal: when JTAG examine starts)
@end ignore
@item @b{gdb-attach}
-@* When GDB connects
+@* When GDB connects. This is before any communication with the target, so this
+can be used to set up the target so it is possible to probe flash. Probing flash
+is necessary during gdb connect if gdb load is to write the image to flash. Another
+use of the flash memory map is for GDB to automatically hardware/software breakpoints
+depending on whether the breakpoint is in RAM or read only memory.
@item @b{gdb-detach}
@* When GDB disconnects
@item @b{gdb-end}
before @command{reset_init} is called.
This is the most robust place to use @command{jtag_rclk}
-or @command{jtag_khz} to switch to a low JTAG clock rate,
+or @command{adapter_khz} to switch to a low JTAG clock rate,
when reset disables PLLs needed to use a fast clock.
@ignore
@item @b{reset-wait-pos}
The @var{num} parameter is a value shown by @command{flash banks}.
@end deffn
-@deffn Command {flash erase_address} [@option{pad}] address length
+@deffn Command {flash erase_address} [@option{pad}] [@option{unlock}] address length
Erase sectors starting at @var{address} for @var{length} bytes.
Unless @option{pad} is specified, @math{address} must begin a
flash sector, and @math{address + length - 1} must end a sector.
the specified length must stay within that bank.
As a special case, when @var{length} is zero and @var{address} is
the start of the bank, the whole flash is erased.
+If @option{unlock} is specified, then the flash is unprotected
+before erase starts.
@end deffn
@deffn Command {flash fillw} address word length
@deffn Command {flash info} num
Print info about flash bank @var{num}
The @var{num} parameter is a value shown by @command{flash banks}.
-The information includes per-sector protect status, which may be
-incorrect (outdated) unless you first issue a
-@command{flash protect_check num} command.
+This command will first query the hardware, it does not print cached
+and possibly stale information.
@end deffn
@anchor{flash protect}
The @var{num} parameter is a value shown by @command{flash banks}.
@end deffn
-@deffn Command {flash protect_check} num
-Check protection state of sectors in flash bank @var{num}.
-The @var{num} parameter is a value shown by @command{flash banks}.
-@comment @option{flash erase_sector} using the same syntax.
-This updates the protection information displayed by @option{flash info}.
-(Code execution may have invalidated any state records kept by OpenOCD.)
-@end deffn
-
@anchor{Flash Driver List}
@section Flash Driver List
As noted above, the @command{flash bank} command requires a driver name,
wide on a sixteen bit bus:
@example
-flash bank cfi 0x00000000 0x01000000 2 2 $_TARGETNAME
-flash bank cfi 0x01000000 0x01000000 2 2 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME cfi 0x00000000 0x01000000 2 2 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME cfi 0x01000000 0x01000000 2 2 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
To configure one bank of 32 MBytes
to create a thirty-two bit (four byte) bus with doubled throughput:
@example
-flash bank cfi 0x00000000 0x02000000 2 4 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME cfi 0x00000000 0x02000000 2 4 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
@c "cfi part_id" disabled
since all devices in this family have the same memory layout.
@example
-flash bank aduc702x 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME aduc702x 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
@end deffn
@example
# Flash bank 0 - all chips
-flash bank at91sam3 0x00080000 0 1 1 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME at91sam3 0x00080000 0 1 1 $_TARGETNAME
# Flash bank 1 - only 256K chips
-flash bank at91sam3 0x00100000 0 1 1 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME at91sam3 0x00100000 0 1 1 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
Internally, the AT91SAM3 flash memory is organized as follows.
register, and autoconfigures itself.
@example
-flash bank at91sam7 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME at91sam7 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
For chips which are not recognized by the controller driver, you must
LPC flashes don't require the chip and bus width to be specified.
@example
-flash bank lpc2000 0x0 0x7d000 0 0 $_TARGETNAME \
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME lpc2000 0x0 0x7d000 0 0 $_TARGETNAME \
lpc2000_v2 14765 calc_checksum
@end example
LPC flashes don't require the chip and bus width to be specified.
@example
-flash bank lpc288x 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME 12000000
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME lpc288x 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME 12000000
@end example
@end deffn
Example for a 125 MHz clock frequency:
@example
-flash bank lpc2900 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME 125000
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME lpc2900 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME 125000
@end example
Some @code{lpc2900}-specific commands are defined. In the following command list,
@emph{No idea what this is, other than using some arm7/arm9 core.}
@example
-flash bank ocl 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME ocl 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
@end deffn
@deffn {Flash Driver} pic32mx
The PIC32MX microcontrollers are based on the MIPS 4K cores,
and integrate flash memory.
-@emph{The current implementation is incomplete.}
@example
-flash bank pix32mx 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME pix32mx 0x1fc00000 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME pix32mx 0x1d000000 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
@comment numerous *disabled* commands are defined:
Programs the specified 32-bit @var{value} at the given @var{address}
in the specified chip @var{bank}.
@end deffn
+@deffn Command {pic32mx unlock} bank
+Unlock and erase specified chip @var{bank}.
+This will remove any Code Protection.
+@end deffn
@end deffn
@deffn {Flash Driver} stellaris
standard @command{flash erase_address} command.}
@example
-flash bank stellaris 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME stellaris 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
@end deffn
the chip identification register, and autoconfigures itself.
@example
-flash bank stm32x 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME stm32x 0 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
@end example
Some stm32x-specific commands
which is either @code{STR71x}, @code{STR73x} or @code{STR75x}.
@example
-flash bank str7x 0x40000000 0x00040000 0 0 $_TARGETNAME STR71x
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME str7x 0x40000000 0x00040000 0 0 $_TARGETNAME STR71x
@end example
@deffn Command {str7x disable_jtag} bank
the @command{str9x flash_config} command prior to Flash programming.
@example
-flash bank str9x 0x40000000 0x00040000 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME str9x 0x40000000 0x00040000 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
str9x flash_config 0 4 2 0 0x80000
@end example
@end deffn
@end deffn
+@deffn {Flash Driver} virtual
+This is a special driver that maps a previously defined bank to another
+address. All bank settings will be copied from the master physical bank.
+
+The @var{virtual} driver defines one mandatory parameters,
+
+@itemize
+@item @var{master_bank} The bank that this virtual address refers to.
+@end itemize
+
+So in the following example addresses 0xbfc00000 and 0x9fc00000 refer to
+the flash bank defined at address 0x1fc00000. Any cmds executed on
+the virtual banks are actually performed on the physical banks.
+@example
+flash bank $_FLASHNAME pic32mx 0x1fc00000 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME
+flash bank vbank0 virtual 0xbfc00000 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME $_FLASHNAME
+flash bank vbank1 virtual 0x9fc00000 0 0 0 $_TARGETNAME $_FLASHNAME
+@end example
+@end deffn
+
@subsection str9xpec driver
@cindex str9xpec
Example for s3c2440 mflash where @var{RST pin} is GPIO B1:
@example
-mflash bank s3c2440 0x10000000 1b 0
+mflash bank $_FLASHNAME s3c2440 0x10000000 1b 0
@end example
Example for pxa270 mflash where @var{RST pin} is GPIO 43:
@example
-mflash bank pxa270 0x08000000 43 0
+mflash bank $_FLASHNAME pxa270 0x08000000 43 0
@end example
@end deffn
the initial log output channel is stderr.
@end deffn
+@deffn Command add_script_search_dir [directory]
+Add @var{directory} to the file/script search path.
+@end deffn
+
@anchor{Target State handling}
@section Target State handling
@cindex reset
@end deffn
@anchor{load_image}
-@deffn Command {load_image} filename address [@option{bin}|@option{ihex}|@option{elf}]
-Load image from file @var{filename} to target memory at @var{address}.
+@deffn Command {load_image} filename address [[@option{bin}|@option{ihex}|@option{elf}] @option{min_addr} @option{max_length}]
+Load image from file @var{filename} to target memory offset by @var{address} from its load address.
The file format may optionally be specified
-(@option{bin}, @option{ihex}, or @option{elf})
+(@option{bin}, @option{ihex}, or @option{elf}).
+In addition the following arguments may be specifed:
+@var{min_addr} - ignore data below @var{min_addr} (this is w.r.t. to the target's load address + @var{address})
+@var{max_length} - maximum number of bytes to load.
+@example
+proc load_image_bin @{fname foffset address length @} @{
+ # Load data from fname filename at foffset offset to
+ # target at address. Load at most length bytes.
+ load_image $fname [expr $address - $foffset] bin $address $length
+@}
+@end example
@end deffn
@deffn Command {test_image} filename [address [@option{bin}|@option{ihex}|@option{elf}]]
@example
# Example: 1.234MHz
-jtag_khz 1234
+adapter_khz 1234
@end example
@item @b{LPC2000 Flash} In the configuration file in the section where flash device configurations
are described, there is a parameter for specifying the clock frequency
-for LPC2000 internal flash devices (e.g. @option{flash bank lpc2000
-0x0 0x40000 0 0 0 lpc2000_v1 14746 calc_checksum}), which must be
+for LPC2000 internal flash devices (e.g. @option{flash bank $_FLASHNAME lpc2000
+0x0 0x40000 0 0 $_TARGETNAME lpc2000_v1 14746 calc_checksum}), which must be
specified in kilohertz. However, I do have a quartz crystal of a
frequency that contains fractions of kilohertz (e.g. 14,745,600 Hz,
i.e. 14,745.600 kHz). Is it possible to specify real numbers for the
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