tools/scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/env perl
   2 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3 #
   4 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8 # (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10 use strict;
  11 use warnings;
  12 use POSIX;
  13 use File::Basename;
  14 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16 use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18 my $P = $0;
  19 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21 my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25 # ATTENTION: easily track modification to this script for OpenOCD.
  26 # When possible, don't modify the existing code, don't change its indentation,
  27 # but remove it enclosing it within:
  28 #
  29 # if (!$OpenOCD) {
  30 # original_code;
  31 # } # !$OpenOCD
  32 #
  33 # Mark every addition within comments
  34 # # OpenOCD specific: Begin[: additional comment]
  35 # # OpenOCD specific: End
  36 my $OpenOCD = 1;
  37
  38 my $quiet = 0;
  39 my $verbose = 0;
  40 my %verbose_messages = ();
  41 my %verbose_emitted = ();
  42 my $tree = 1;
  43 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  44 my $chk_patch = 1;
  45 my $tst_only;
  46 my $emacs = 0;
  47 my $terse = 0;
  48 my $showfile = 0;
  49 my $file = 0;
  50 my $git = 0;
  51 my %git_commits = ();
  52 my $check = 0;
  53 my $check_orig = 0;
  54 my $summary = 1;
  55 my $mailback = 0;
  56 my $summary_file = 0;
  57 my $show_types = 0;
  58 my $list_types = 0;
  59 my $fix = 0;
  60 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  61 my $root;
  62 my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  63 $gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  64 my %debug;
  65 my %camelcase = ();
  66 my %use_type = ();
  67 my @use = ();
  68 my %ignore_type = ();
  69 my @ignore = ();
  70 my $help = 0;
  71 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  72 my $max_line_length = 100;
  73 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  74 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  75 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  76 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  77 my $codespell = 0;
  78 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  79 my $user_codespellfile = "";
  80 my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  81 my $docsfile = "$D/../Documentation/dev-tools/checkpatch.rst";
  82 my $typedefsfile;
  83 my $color = "auto";
  84 my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  85 # git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  86 my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  87 my $tabsize = 8;
  88 my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  89
  90 sub help {
  91         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  92
  93         print << "EOM";
  94 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  95 Version: $V
  96
  97 Options:
  98   -q, --quiet                quiet
  99   -v, --verbose              verbose mode
 100   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
 101   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
 102   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
 103   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
 104   --terse                    one line per report
 105   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
 106   -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
 107                              single git commit with:
 108                                <rev>
 109                                <rev>^
 110                                <rev>~n
 111                              multiple git commits with:
 112                                <rev1>..<rev2>
 113                                <rev1>...<rev2>
 114                                <rev>-<count>
 115                              git merges are ignored
 116   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
 117   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
 118   --list-types               list the possible message types
 119   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 120   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 121   --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 122   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 123                              if exceeded, warn on patches
 124                              requires --strict for use with --file
 125   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 126   --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 127   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 128   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 129   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 130   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 131   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 132                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 133                              is all off)
 134   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 135                              literally
 136   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 137                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 138                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 139                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 140                              checkpatch style
 141   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 142                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 143                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 144   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 145                              runtime errors.
 146   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 147                              (default:$codespellfile)
 148   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 149   --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 150   --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 151                              is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 152   --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 153                              ${CONFIG_})
 154   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 155
 156 When FILE is - read standard input.
 157 EOM
 158
 159         exit($exitcode);
 160 }
 161
 162 sub uniq {
 163         my %seen;
 164         return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 165 }
 166
 167 sub list_types {
 168         my ($exitcode) = @_;
 169
 170         my $count = 0;
 171
 172         local $/ = undef;
 173
 174         open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 175             die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 176
 177         my $text = <$script>;
 178         close($script);
 179
 180         my %types = ();
 181         # Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 182         while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 183                 if (defined($1)) {
 184                         if (exists($types{$2})) {
 185                                 $types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
 186                         } else {
 187                                 $types{$2} = $1;
 188                         }
 189                 } else {
 190                         $types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
 191                 }
 192         }
 193
 194         print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 195         if ($color) {
 196                 print(" ( Color coding: ");
 197                 print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
 198                 print(" | ");
 199                 print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
 200                 print(" | ");
 201                 print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
 202                 print(" | ");
 203                 print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
 204                 print(" )\n\n");
 205         }
 206
 207         foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
 208                 my $orig_type = $type;
 209                 if ($color) {
 210                         my $level = $types{$type};
 211                         if ($level eq "ERROR") {
 212                                 $type = RED . $type . RESET;
 213                         } elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
 214                                 $type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
 215                         } elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
 216                                 $type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
 217                         }
 218                 }
 219                 print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 220                 if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
 221                         my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
 222                         $message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
 223                         print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
 224                 }
 225         }
 226
 227         exit($exitcode);
 228 }
 229
 230 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 231 if (-f $conf) {
 232         my @conf_args;
 233         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 234             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 235
 236         while (<$conffile>) {
 237                 my $line = $_;
 238
 239                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 240                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 241                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 242
 243                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 244                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 245
 246                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 247                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 248                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 249                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 250                 }
 251         }
 252         close($conffile);
 253         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 254 }
 255
 256 sub load_docs {
 257         open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
 258             or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
 259
 260         my $type = '';
 261         my $desc = '';
 262         my $in_desc = 0;
 263
 264         while (<$docs>) {
 265                 chomp;
 266                 my $line = $_;
 267                 $line =~ s/\s+$//;
 268
 269                 if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
 270                         if ($desc ne '') {
 271                                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 272                         }
 273                         $type = $1;
 274                         $desc = '';
 275                         $in_desc = 1;
 276                 } elsif ($in_desc) {
 277                         if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
 278                                 $line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
 279                                 $desc .= $line;
 280                                 $desc .= "\n";
 281                         } else {
 282                                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 283                                 $type = '';
 284                                 $desc = '';
 285                                 $in_desc = 0;
 286                         }
 287                 }
 288         }
 289
 290         if ($desc ne '') {
 291                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 292         }
 293         close($docs);
 294 }
 295
 296 # Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 297 # Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 298 foreach (@ARGV) {
 299         if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 300                 $_ = "--color=$color";
 301         }
 302 }
 303
 304 GetOptions(
 305         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 306         'v|verbose!'    => \$verbose,
 307         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 308         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 309         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 310         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 311         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 312         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 313         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 314         'g|git!'        => \$git,
 315         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 316         'strict!'       => \$check,
 317         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 318         'types=s'       => \@use,
 319         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 320         'list-types!'   => \$list_types,
 321         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 322         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 323         'tab-size=i'    => \$tabsize,
 324         'root=s'        => \$root,
 325         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 326         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 327         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 328         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 329         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 330         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 331         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 332         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 333         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 334         'codespellfile=s'       => \$user_codespellfile,
 335         'typedefsfile=s'        => \$typedefsfile,
 336         'color=s'       => \$color,
 337         'no-color'      => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 338         'nocolor'       => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 339         'kconfig-prefix=s'      => \${CONFIG_},
 340         'h|help'        => \$help,
 341         'version'       => \$help
 342 ) or $help = 2;
 343
 344 if ($user_codespellfile) {
 345         # Use the user provided codespell file unconditionally
 346         $codespellfile = $user_codespellfile;
 347 } elsif (!(-f $codespellfile)) {
 348         # If /usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt is not present, try to find it
 349         # under codespell's install directory: <codespell_root>/data/dictionary.txt
 350         if (($codespell || $help) && which("python3") ne "") {
 351                 my $python_codespell_dict = << "EOF";
 352
 353 import os.path as op
 354 import codespell_lib
 355 codespell_dir = op.dirname(codespell_lib.__file__)
 356 codespell_file = op.join(codespell_dir, 'data', 'dictionary.txt')
 357 print(codespell_file, end='')
 358 EOF
 359
 360                 my $codespell_dict = `python3 -c "$python_codespell_dict" 2> /dev/null`;
 361                 $codespellfile = $codespell_dict if (-f $codespell_dict);
 362         }
 363 }
 364
 365 # $help is 1 if either -h, --help or --version is passed as option - exitcode: 0
 366 # $help is 2 if invalid option is passed - exitcode: 1
 367 help($help - 1) if ($help);
 368
 369 die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 370 die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
 371
 372 if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 373         $color = !$color;
 374 } elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 375         $color = 1;
 376 } elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 377         $color = 0;
 378 } elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 379         $color = (-t STDOUT);
 380 } else {
 381         die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 382 }
 383
 384 load_docs() if ($verbose);
 385 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 386
 387 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 388 $check_orig = $check;
 389
 390 my $exit = 0;
 391
 392 my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 393 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 394         $perl_version_ok = 0;
 395         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 396         exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 397 }
 398
 399 #if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 400 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 401         push(@ARGV, '-');
 402 }
 403
 404 # skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 405 die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 406
 407 sub hash_save_array_words {
 408         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 409
 410         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 411         foreach my $word (@array) {
 412                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 413                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 414                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 415                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 416
 417                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 418                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 419
 420                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 421         }
 422 }
 423
 424 sub hash_show_words {
 425         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 426
 427         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 428                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 429                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 430                         print " $word";
 431                 }
 432                 print "\n";
 433         }
 434 }
 435
 436 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 437 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 438
 439 my $dbg_values = 0;
 440 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 441 my $dbg_type = 0;
 442 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 443 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 444         ## no critic
 445         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 446         die "$@" if ($@);
 447 }
 448
 449 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 450
 451 if ($terse) {
 452         $emacs = 1;
 453         $quiet++;
 454 }
 455
 456 if ($tree) {
 457         if (defined $root) {
 458                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 459                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 460                 }
 461         } else {
 462                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 463                         $root = '.';
 464                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 465                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 466                         $root = $1;
 467                 }
 468         }
 469
 470         if (!defined $root) {
 471                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 472                 exit(2);
 473         }
 474 }
 475
 476 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 477
 478 our $Ident      = qr{
 479                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 480                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 481                 }x;
 482 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 483 our $Sparse     = qr{
 484                         __user|
 485                         __kernel|
 486                         __force|
 487                         __iomem|
 488                         __must_check|
 489                         __kprobes|
 490                         __ref|
 491                         __refconst|
 492                         __refdata|
 493                         __rcu|
 494                         __private
 495                 }x;
 496 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 497 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 498 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 499 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 500 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 501
 502 # Notes to $Attribute:
 503 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 504 our $Attribute  = qr{
 505                         const|
 506                         volatile|
 507                         __percpu|
 508                         __nocast|
 509                         __safe|
 510                         __bitwise|
 511                         __packed__|
 512                         __packed2__|
 513                         __naked|
 514                         __maybe_unused|
 515                         __always_unused|
 516                         __noreturn|
 517                         __used|
 518                         __cold|
 519                         __pure|
 520                         __noclone|
 521                         __deprecated|
 522                         __read_mostly|
 523                         __ro_after_init|
 524                         __kprobes|
 525                         $InitAttribute|
 526                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 527                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 528                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 529                         __weak|
 530                         __alloc_size\s*\(\s*\d+\s*(?:,\s*\d+\s*)?\)
 531                   }x;
 532 our $Modifier;
 533 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 534 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 535 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 536
 537 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 538 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 539 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 540 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 541 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 542 our $String     = qr{(?:\b[Lu])?"[X\t]*"};
 543 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 544 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 545 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 546 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 547 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 548 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 549 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 550 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 551 our $Operators  = qr{
 552                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 553                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 554                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 555                   }x;
 556
 557 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 558
 559 our $BasicType;
 560 our $NonptrType;
 561 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 562 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 563 our $Type;
 564 our $TypeMisordered;
 565 our $Declare;
 566 our $DeclareMisordered;
 567
 568 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 569         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 570         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 571         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 572         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 573         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 574         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 575         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 576 }x;
 577
 578 our $UTF8       = qr{
 579         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 580         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 581 }x;
 582
 583 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 584 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 585         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 586         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 587 )};
 588 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 589         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 590         atomic_t
 591 )};
 592 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 593         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 594         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 595         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 596 )};
 597
 598 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 599
 600 if (!$OpenOCD) {
 601 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 602         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 603         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 604         TP_printk|
 605         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 606         panic|
 607         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 608         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 609 )};
 610 } # !$OpenOCD
 611 # OpenOCD specific: Begin: list log functions
 612 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 613         LOG_(?:TARGET_|)(?:DEBUG_IO|DEBUG|INFO|WARNING|ERROR|USER|USER_N|OUTPUT)
 614 )};
 615 # OpenOCD specific: End
 616
 617 our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 618         (?:(?:devm_)?
 619                 (?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 620                 kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 621                 kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 622         (?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 623                                 # dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 624         dma_alloc_coherent
 625 )};
 626
 627 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 628         Signed-off-by:|
 629         Co-developed-by:|
 630         Acked-by:|
 631         Tested-by:|
 632         Reviewed-by:|
 633         Reported-by:|
 634         Suggested-by:|
 635         To:|
 636         Cc:
 637 )};
 638
 639 our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
 640         [=-]*> |
 641         <[=-]* |
 642         \[ |
 643         \] |
 644         start |
 645         called |
 646         entered |
 647         entry |
 648         enter |
 649         in |
 650         inside |
 651         here |
 652         begin |
 653         exit |
 654         end |
 655         done |
 656         leave |
 657         completed |
 658         out |
 659         return |
 660         [\.\!:\s]*
 661 )};
 662
 663 sub edit_distance_min {
 664         my (@arr) = @_;
 665         my $len = scalar @arr;
 666         if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 667                 # if underflow, return
 668                 return;
 669         }
 670         my $min = $arr[0];
 671         for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 672                 if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 673                         $min = $arr[$i];
 674                 }
 675         }
 676         return $min;
 677 }
 678
 679 sub get_edit_distance {
 680         my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 681         $str1 = lc($str1);
 682         $str2 = lc($str2);
 683         $str1 =~ s/-//g;
 684         $str2 =~ s/-//g;
 685         my $len1 = length($str1);
 686         my $len2 = length($str2);
 687         # two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 688         my @distance;
 689         for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 690                 for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 691                         if ($i == 0) {
 692                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 693                         } elsif ($j == 0) {
 694                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 695                         } elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 696                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 697                         } else {
 698                                 my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 699                                 my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 700                                 my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 701                                 $distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 702                         }
 703                 }
 704         }
 705         return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 706 }
 707
 708 sub find_standard_signature {
 709         my ($sign_off) = @_;
 710         my @standard_signature_tags = (
 711                 'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 712                 'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 713         );
 714         foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 715                 return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 716         }
 717
 718         return "";
 719 }
 720
 721 our @typeListMisordered = (
 722         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 723         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 724         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 725         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 726         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 727         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 728         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 729         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 730         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 731         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 732         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 733         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 734         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 735         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 736         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 737         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 738 );
 739
 740 our @typeList = (
 741         qr{void},
 742         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 743         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 744         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 745         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 746         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 747         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 748         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 749         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 750         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 751         qr{float},
 752         qr{double},
 753         qr{bool},
 754         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 755         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 756         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 757         qr{${Ident}_t},
 758         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 759         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 760         @typeListMisordered,
 761 );
 762
 763 our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 764         long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 765         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 766         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 767         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 768         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 769         int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 770         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 771
 772         long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 773         long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 774         long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 775         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 776         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 777         int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 778         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 779
 780         int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 781         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 782 )};
 783
 784 our @typeListFile = ();
 785 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 786         @typeList,
 787         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 788         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 789 );
 790
 791 our @modifierList = (
 792         qr{fastcall},
 793 );
 794 our @modifierListFile = ();
 795
 796 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 797         ["module_param", 3],
 798         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 799         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 800         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 801         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 802         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 803         ["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 804         ["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 805         ["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 806         ["__ATTR", 2],
 807 );
 808
 809 my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 810
 811 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 812 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 813 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 814         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 815         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 816 }
 817 $mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 818
 819 our %deprecated_apis = (
 820         "synchronize_rcu_bh"                    => "synchronize_rcu",
 821         "synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"          => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 822         "call_rcu_bh"                           => "call_rcu",
 823         "rcu_barrier_bh"                        => "rcu_barrier",
 824         "synchronize_sched"                     => "synchronize_rcu",
 825         "synchronize_sched_expedited"           => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 826         "call_rcu_sched"                        => "call_rcu",
 827         "rcu_barrier_sched"                     => "rcu_barrier",
 828         "get_state_synchronize_sched"           => "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 829         "cond_synchronize_sched"                => "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 830 );
 831
 832 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 833 our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 834 foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 835         $deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 836         $deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 837 }
 838 $deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 839
 840 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 841         S_IWUGO         |
 842         S_IWOTH         |
 843         S_IRWXUGO       |
 844         S_IALLUGO       |
 845         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 846 }x;
 847
 848 our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 849         "S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 850         "S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 851         "S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 852         "S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 853         "S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 854         "S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 855         "S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 856         "S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 857         "S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 858         "S_IROTH" => 0004,
 859         "S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 860         "S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 861         "S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 862         "S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 863         "S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 864         "S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 865 );
 866
 867 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 868 our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 869 foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 870         $mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 871         $mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 872 }
 873 our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 874 our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 875         ${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 876         (?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 877 }x;
 878
 879 sub perms_to_octal {
 880         my ($string) = @_;
 881
 882         return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 883
 884         my $val = "";
 885         my $oval = "";
 886         my $to = 0;
 887         my $curpos = 0;
 888         my $lastpos = 0;
 889         while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 890                 $curpos = pos($string);
 891                 my $match = $2;
 892                 my $omatch = $1;
 893                 last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 894                 $lastpos = $curpos;
 895                 $to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 896                 $val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 897                 $val .= $match;
 898                 $oval .= $omatch;
 899         }
 900         $oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 901         $oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 902         return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 903 }
 904
 905 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 906         irq|
 907         memory|
 908         time|
 909         reboot
 910 )};
 911 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 912
 913 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 914 my $misspellings;
 915 my %spelling_fix;
 916
 917 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 918         while (<$spelling>) {
 919                 my $line = $_;
 920
 921                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 922                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 923
 924                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 925                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 926
 927                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 928
 929                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 930         }
 931         close($spelling);
 932 } else {
 933         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 934 }
 935
 936 if ($codespell) {
 937         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 938                 while (<$spelling>) {
 939                         my $line = $_;
 940
 941                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 942                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 943
 944                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 945                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 946                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 947
 948                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 949
 950                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 951
 952                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 953                 }
 954                 close($spelling);
 955         } else {
 956                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 957         }
 958 }
 959
 960 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 961
 962 sub read_words {
 963         my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 964
 965         if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 966                 while (<$words>) {
 967                         my $line = $_;
 968
 969                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 970                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 971
 972                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 973                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 974                         if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 975                                 print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 976                                 next;
 977                         }
 978
 979                         $$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
 980                         $$wordsRef .= $line;
 981                 }
 982                 close($file);
 983                 return 1;
 984         }
 985
 986         return 0;
 987 }
 988
 989 my $const_structs;
 990 if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
 991         read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
 992             or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
 993 }
 994
 995 if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
 996         my $typeOtherTypedefs;
 997         read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
 998             or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
 999         $typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
1000 }
1001
1002 sub build_types {
1003         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
1004         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
1005         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
1006         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
1007         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
1008         $BasicType      = qr{
1009                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1010                                 (?:${all}\b)
1011                 }x;
1012         $NonptrType     = qr{
1013                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1014                         (?:
1015                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1016                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1017                                 (?:${all}\b)
1018                         )
1019                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1020                   }x;
1021         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
1022                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1023                         (?:
1024                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
1025                         )
1026                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1027                   }x;
1028         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
1029                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1030                         (?:
1031                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1032                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1033                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
1034                         )
1035                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1036                   }x;
1037         $Type   = qr{
1038                         $NonptrType
1039                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1040                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1041                   }x;
1042         $TypeMisordered = qr{
1043                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
1044                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1045                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1046                   }x;
1047         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
1048         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
1049 }
1050 build_types();
1051
1052 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
1053
1054 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
1055 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
1056 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
1057
1058 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
1059 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
1060 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
1061
1062 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
1063         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
1064         (?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
1065         (?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(|
1066         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(
1067 )};
1068
1069 our %allow_repeated_words = (
1070         add => '',
1071         added => '',
1072         bad => '',
1073         be => '',
1074 );
1075
1076 sub deparenthesize {
1077         my ($string) = @_;
1078         return "" if (!defined($string));
1079
1080         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
1081                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
1082                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
1083         }
1084
1085         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
1086
1087         return $string;
1088 }
1089
1090 sub seed_camelcase_file {
1091         my ($file) = @_;
1092
1093         return if (!(-f $file));
1094
1095         local $/;
1096
1097         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
1098             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
1099         my $text = <$include_file>;
1100         close($include_file);
1101
1102         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
1103
1104         foreach my $line (@lines) {
1105                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
1106                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
1107                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1108                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
1109                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1110                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
1111                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1112                 }
1113         }
1114 }
1115
1116 our %maintained_status = ();
1117
1118 sub is_maintained_obsolete {
1119         my ($filename) = @_;
1120
1121         return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
1122
1123         if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
1124                 $maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
1125         }
1126
1127         return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
1128 }
1129
1130 sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
1131         my ($license) = @_;
1132
1133         return 1 if (!$tree || which("python3") eq "" || !(-x "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1134
1135         my $root_path = abs_path($root);
1136         my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
1137         return 0 if ($status ne "");
1138         return 1;
1139 }
1140
1141 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
1142 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
1143         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
1144
1145         my $files;
1146         my $camelcase_cache = "";
1147         my @include_files = ();
1148
1149         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
1150
1151         if (-e "$gitroot") {
1152                 my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
1153                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
1154                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1155         } else {
1156                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
1157                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1158                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1159                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1160                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1161                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1162                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1163                 }
1164                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1165         }
1166
1167         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1168                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1169                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1170                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1171                         chomp;
1172                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
1173                 }
1174                 close($camelcase_file);
1175
1176                 return;
1177         }
1178
1179         if (-e "$gitroot") {
1180                 $files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1181                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1182         }
1183
1184         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1185                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
1186         }
1187
1188         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1189                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1190                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1191                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1192                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1193                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1194                 }
1195                 close($camelcase_file);
1196         }
1197 }
1198
1199 sub git_is_single_file {
1200         my ($filename) = @_;
1201
1202         return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1203
1204         my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1205         my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1206         return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1207 }
1208
1209 sub git_commit_info {
1210         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1211
1212         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1213
1214         my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1215         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1216         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1217
1218         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1219
1220         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1221 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1222 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1223 #
1224 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
1225 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1226 #               while read line ; do
1227 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1228 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1229 #               done
1230         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./ ||
1231                  $lines[0] =~ /^fatal: bad object $commit/) {
1232                 $id = undef;
1233         } else {
1234                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1235                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1236         }
1237
1238         return ($id, $desc);
1239 }
1240
1241 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
1242
1243 my @rawlines = ();
1244 my @lines = ();
1245 my @fixed = ();
1246 my @fixed_inserted = ();
1247 my @fixed_deleted = ();
1248 my $fixlinenr = -1;
1249
1250 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1251 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1252 die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1253
1254 if ($git) {
1255         my @commits = ();
1256         foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1257                 my $git_range;
1258                 if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1259                         $git_range = "-$2 $1";
1260                 } elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1261                         $git_range = "$commit_expr";
1262                 } else {
1263                         $git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1264                 }
1265                 my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1266                 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1267                         $line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1268                         next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1269                         my $sha1 = $1;
1270                         my $subject = $2;
1271                         unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1272                         $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1273                 }
1274         }
1275         die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1276         @ARGV = @commits;
1277 }
1278
1279 my $vname;
1280 $allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1281 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1282         my $FILE;
1283         my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1284         my $oldfile = $file;
1285         $file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1286         if ($git) {
1287                 open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1288                         die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1289         } elsif ($file) {
1290                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1291                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1292         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1293                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1294         } else {
1295                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1296                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1297         }
1298         if ($filename eq '-') {
1299                 $vname = 'Your patch';
1300         } elsif ($git) {
1301                 $vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1302         } else {
1303                 $vname = $filename;
1304         }
1305         while (<$FILE>) {
1306                 chomp;
1307                 push(@rawlines, $_);
1308                 $vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1309         }
1310         close($FILE);
1311
1312         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1313                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1314                 print "$vname\n";
1315                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1316         }
1317
1318         if (!process($filename)) {
1319                 $exit = 1;
1320         }
1321         @rawlines = ();
1322         @lines = ();
1323         @fixed = ();
1324         @fixed_inserted = ();
1325         @fixed_deleted = ();
1326         $fixlinenr = -1;
1327         @modifierListFile = ();
1328         @typeListFile = ();
1329         build_types();
1330         $file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1331 }
1332
1333 if (!$quiet) {
1334         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1335         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1336
1337         if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1338                 print << "EOM"
1339
1340 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1341       An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1342 EOM
1343         }
1344         if ($exit) {
1345                 print << "EOM"
1346
1347 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1348       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1349 EOM
1350         }
1351 }
1352
1353 exit($exit);
1354
1355 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1356         my ($root) = @_;
1357
1358         my @tree_check = (
1359                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1360                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1361                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1362         );
1363
1364         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1365                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1366                         return 0;
1367                 }
1368         }
1369         return 1;
1370 }
1371
1372 sub parse_email {
1373         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1374
1375         my $name = "";
1376         my $quoted = "";
1377         my $name_comment = "";
1378         my $address = "";
1379         my $comment = "";
1380
1381         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1382                 $name = $1;
1383                 $address = $2;
1384                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
1385         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1386                 $address = $1;
1387                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1388         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1389                 $address = $1;
1390                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1391                 $formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1392                 $name = $formatted_email;
1393                 $name = trim($name);
1394                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1395                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1396                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1397                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1398                 # is invalid. ie:
1399                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1400                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1401                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1402                         $name = "";
1403                         $address = "";
1404                         $comment = "";
1405                 }
1406         }
1407
1408         # Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1409         # "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1410         if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1411                 $quoted = $1;
1412         }
1413         while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1414                 $name_comment .= trim($1);
1415         }
1416         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1417         $name = trim("$quoted $name");
1418
1419         $address = trim($address);
1420         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1421         $comment = trim($comment);
1422
1423         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1424                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1425                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1426         }
1427
1428         return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1429 }
1430
1431 sub format_email {
1432         my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1433
1434         my $formatted_email;
1435
1436         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1437         $address = trim($address);
1438         $address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1439
1440         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1441                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1442                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1443         }
1444
1445         $name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1446         $name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1447         $comment = trim($comment);
1448         $comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1449
1450         if ("$name" eq "") {
1451                 $formatted_email = "$address";
1452         } else {
1453                 $formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1454         }
1455         $formatted_email .= "$comment";
1456         return $formatted_email;
1457 }
1458
1459 sub reformat_email {
1460         my ($email) = @_;
1461
1462         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1463         return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1464 }
1465
1466 sub same_email_addresses {
1467         my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1468
1469         my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1470         my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1471
1472         return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1473                $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1474                $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1475                $comment1 eq $comment2;
1476 }
1477
1478 sub which {
1479         my ($bin) = @_;
1480
1481         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1482                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1483                         return "$path/$bin";
1484                 }
1485         }
1486
1487         return "";
1488 }
1489
1490 sub which_conf {
1491         my ($conf) = @_;
1492
1493         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1494                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1495                         return "$path/$conf";
1496                 }
1497         }
1498
1499         return "";
1500 }
1501
1502 sub expand_tabs {
1503         my ($str) = @_;
1504
1505         my $res = '';
1506         my $n = 0;
1507         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1508                 if ($c eq "\t") {
1509                         $res .= ' ';
1510                         $n++;
1511                         for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1512                                 $res .= ' ';
1513                         }
1514                         next;
1515                 }
1516                 $res .= $c;
1517                 $n++;
1518         }
1519
1520         return $res;
1521 }
1522 sub copy_spacing {
1523         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1524         return $res;
1525 }
1526
1527 sub line_stats {
1528         my ($line) = @_;
1529
1530         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1531         $line =~ s/^.//;
1532         $line = expand_tabs($line);
1533
1534         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1535         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1536
1537         return (length($line), length($white));
1538 }
1539
1540 my $sanitise_quote = '';
1541
1542 sub sanitise_line_reset {
1543         my ($in_comment) = @_;
1544
1545         if ($in_comment) {
1546                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1547         } else {
1548                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1549         }
1550 }
1551 sub sanitise_line {
1552         my ($line) = @_;
1553
1554         my $res = '';
1555         my $l = '';
1556
1557         my $qlen = 0;
1558         my $off = 0;
1559         my $c;
1560
1561         # Always copy over the diff marker.
1562         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1563
1564         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1565                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1566
1567                 # Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1568                 # and end, all to $;.
1569                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1570                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1571
1572                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1573                         $off++;
1574                         next;
1575                 }
1576                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1577                         $sanitise_quote = '';
1578                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1579                         $off++;
1580                         next;
1581                 }
1582                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1583                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
1584
1585                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1586                         $off++;
1587                         next;
1588                 }
1589
1590                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1591                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1592                     $c eq "\\") {
1593                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1594                         $off++;
1595                         next;
1596                 }
1597                 # Regular quotes.
1598                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1599                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1600                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1601
1602                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1603                                 next;
1604                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1605                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1606                         }
1607                 }
1608
1609                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1610                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1611                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1612                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1613                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1614                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1615                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1616                 } else {
1617                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1618                 }
1619         }
1620
1621         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1622                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1623         }
1624
1625         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1626         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1627                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1628                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1629
1630         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1631         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1632                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1633                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1634         }
1635
1636         if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1637                 my $match = $1;
1638                 $res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1639         }
1640
1641         return $res;
1642 }
1643
1644 sub get_quoted_string {
1645         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1646
1647         return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1648         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1649         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1650 }
1651
1652 sub ctx_statement_block {
1653         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1654         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1655         my $blk = '';
1656         my $soff = $off;
1657         my $coff = $off - 1;
1658         my $coff_set = 0;
1659
1660         my $loff = 0;
1661
1662         my $type = '';
1663         my $level = 0;
1664         my @stack = ();
1665         my $p;
1666         my $c;
1667         my $len = 0;
1668
1669         my $remainder;
1670         while (1) {
1671                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1672
1673                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1674                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1675                 # context.
1676                 if ($off >= $len) {
1677                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1678                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1679                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1680                                 $remain--;
1681                                 $loff = $len;
1682                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1683                                 $len = length($blk);
1684                                 $line++;
1685                                 last;
1686                         }
1687                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1688                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1689                         if ($off >= $len) {
1690                                 last;
1691                         }
1692                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1693                                 $level++;
1694                                 $type = '#';
1695                         }
1696                 }
1697                 $p = $c;
1698                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1699                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1700
1701                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1702
1703                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1704                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1705                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1706                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1707                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1708                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1709                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1710                 }
1711
1712                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1713                 # outermost level.
1714                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1715                         last;
1716                 }
1717
1718                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1719                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1720                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1721                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1722                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1723                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1724                         $coff_set = 1;
1725                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1726                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1727                 }
1728
1729                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1730                         $level++;
1731                         $type = '(';
1732                 }
1733                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1734                         $level--;
1735                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1736
1737                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1738                                 $coff = $off;
1739                                 $coff_set = 1;
1740                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1741                         }
1742                 }
1743                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1744                         $level++;
1745                         $type = '{';
1746                 }
1747                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1748                         $level--;
1749                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1750
1751                         if ($level == 0) {
1752                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1753                                         $off++;
1754                                 }
1755                                 last;
1756                         }
1757                 }
1758                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1759                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1760                         $level--;
1761                         $type = '';
1762                         $off++;
1763                         last;
1764                 }
1765                 $off++;
1766         }
1767         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1768         if ($off == $len) {
1769                 $loff = $len + 1;
1770                 $line++;
1771                 $remain--;
1772         }
1773
1774         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1775         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1776
1777         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1778         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1779
1780         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1781
1782         return ($statement, $condition,
1783                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1784 }
1785
1786 sub statement_lines {
1787         my ($stmt) = @_;
1788
1789         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1790         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1791         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1792         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1793
1794         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1795
1796         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1797 }
1798
1799 sub statement_rawlines {
1800         my ($stmt) = @_;
1801
1802         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1803
1804         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1805 }
1806
1807 sub statement_block_size {
1808         my ($stmt) = @_;
1809
1810         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1811         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1812         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1813         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1814         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1815
1816         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1817         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1818
1819         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1820         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1821
1822         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1823                 return $stmt_lines;
1824         } else {
1825                 return $stmt_statements;
1826         }
1827 }
1828
1829 sub ctx_statement_full {
1830         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1831         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1832
1833         my (@chunks);
1834
1835         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1836         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1837                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1838         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1839         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1840         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1841                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1842         }
1843
1844         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1845         # could continue the statement.
1846         for (;;) {
1847                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1848                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1849                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1850                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1851                 #print "C: push\n";
1852                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1853         }
1854
1855         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1856 }
1857
1858 sub ctx_block_get {
1859         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1860         my $line;
1861         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1862         my $blk = '';
1863         my @o;
1864         my @c;
1865         my @res = ();
1866
1867         my $level = 0;
1868         my @stack = ($level);
1869         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1870                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1871                 $remain--;
1872
1873                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1874
1875                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1876                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1877                         push(@stack, $level);
1878                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1879                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1880                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1881                         $level = pop(@stack);
1882                 }
1883
1884                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1885                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1886                         if ($off > 0) {
1887                                 $off--;
1888                                 next;
1889                         }
1890
1891                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1892                                 $level--;
1893                                 last if ($level == 0);
1894                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1895                                 $level++;
1896                         }
1897                 }
1898
1899                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1900                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1901                 }
1902
1903                 last if ($level == 0);
1904         }
1905
1906         return ($level, @res);
1907 }
1908 sub ctx_block_outer {
1909         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1910
1911         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1912         return @r;
1913 }
1914 sub ctx_block {
1915         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1916
1917         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1918         return @r;
1919 }
1920 sub ctx_statement {
1921         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1922
1923         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1924         return @r;
1925 }
1926 sub ctx_block_level {
1927         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1928
1929         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1930 }
1931 sub ctx_statement_level {
1932         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1933
1934         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1935 }
1936
1937 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1938         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1939
1940         # If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1941         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1942         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1943         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1944         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1945         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1946         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1947
1948         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1949         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1950         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1951
1952         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1953         # comment.
1954         my $in_comment = 0;
1955         $current_comment = '';
1956         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1957                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1958                 #warn "           $line\n";
1959                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1960                         $in_comment = 1;
1961                 }
1962                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1963                         $in_comment = 1;
1964                 }
1965                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1966                         $current_comment = '';
1967                 }
1968                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1969                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1970                         $in_comment = 0;
1971                 }
1972         }
1973
1974         chomp($current_comment);
1975         return($current_comment);
1976 }
1977 sub ctx_has_comment {
1978         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1979         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1980
1981         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1982         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1983
1984         return ($cmt ne '');
1985 }
1986
1987 sub raw_line {
1988         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1989
1990         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1991         $cnt++;
1992
1993         my $line;
1994         while ($cnt) {
1995                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1996                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1997                 $cnt--;
1998         }
1999
2000         return $line;
2001 }
2002
2003 sub get_stat_real {
2004         my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
2005
2006         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
2007         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
2008                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
2009         }
2010
2011         return $stat_real;
2012 }
2013
2014 sub get_stat_here {
2015         my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
2016
2017         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
2018         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
2019                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
2020         }
2021
2022         return $herectx;
2023 }
2024
2025 sub cat_vet {
2026         my ($vet) = @_;
2027         my ($res, $coded);
2028
2029         $res = '';
2030         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
2031                 $res .= $1;
2032                 if ($2 ne '') {
2033                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
2034                         $res .= $coded;
2035                 }
2036         }
2037         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
2038
2039         return $res;
2040 }
2041
2042 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
2043 my $av_pending;
2044 my @av_paren_type;
2045 my $av_pend_colon;
2046
2047 sub annotate_reset {
2048         $av_preprocessor = 0;
2049         $av_pending = '_';
2050         @av_paren_type = ('E');
2051         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2052 }
2053
2054 sub annotate_values {
2055         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
2056
2057         my $res;
2058         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
2059         my $cur = $stream;
2060
2061         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2062
2063         while (length($cur)) {
2064                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
2065                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
2066                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2067                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
2068                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2069                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
2070                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2071                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
2072                         }
2073
2074                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
2075                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2076                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2077                         $type = 'c';
2078
2079                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
2080                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2081                         $type = 'T';
2082
2083                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
2084                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2085                         $type = 'T';
2086
2087                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
2088                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2089                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2090                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2091                         if ($2 ne '') {
2092                                 $av_pending = 'N';
2093                         }
2094                         $type = 'E';
2095
2096                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
2097                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2098                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2099                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2100
2101                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
2102                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2103                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2104
2105                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2106                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2107                         $type = 'E';
2108
2109                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
2110                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2111                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2112
2113                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
2114
2115                         $type = 'E';
2116
2117                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
2118                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2119
2120                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2121
2122                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
2123                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
2124                         pop(@av_paren_type);
2125                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2126                         $type = 'E';
2127
2128                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
2129                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2130
2131                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
2132                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2133                         $av_pending = $type;
2134                         $type = 'N';
2135
2136                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
2137                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2138                         if (defined $2) {
2139                                 $av_pending = 'V';
2140                         }
2141                         $type = 'N';
2142
2143                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
2144                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2145                         $av_pending = 'E';
2146                         $type = 'N';
2147
2148                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
2149                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2150                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
2151                         $type = 'N';
2152
2153                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
2154                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2155                         $type = 'N';
2156
2157                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2158                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2159                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2160                         $av_pending = '_';
2161                         $type = 'N';
2162
2163                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2164                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2165                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
2166                                 $type = $new_type;
2167                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2168                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
2169                         } else {
2170                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2171                         }
2172
2173                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2174                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2175                         $type = 'V';
2176                         $av_pending = 'V';
2177
2178                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2179                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2180                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
2181                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2182                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
2183                         }
2184                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2185                         $type = 'V';
2186
2187                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2188                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2189                         $type = 'V';
2190
2191                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2192                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2193                         $type = 'N';
2194
2195                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2196                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2197                         $type = 'E';
2198                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2199
2200                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2201                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2202                         $type = 'C';
2203
2204                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2205                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2206                         $type = 'N';
2207
2208                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2209                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2210
2211                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2212                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2213                                 $type = 'E';
2214                         } else {
2215                                 $type = 'N';
2216                         }
2217                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2218
2219                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2220                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2221                         $type = 'N';
2222
2223                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2224                         my $variant;
2225
2226                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2227                         if ($type eq 'V') {
2228                                 $variant = 'B';
2229                         } else {
2230                                 $variant = 'U';
2231                         }
2232
2233                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2234                         $type = 'N';
2235
2236                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2237                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2238                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2239                                 $type = 'N';
2240                         }
2241
2242                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2243                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2244                 }
2245                 if (defined $1) {
2246                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2247                         $res .= $type x length($1);
2248                 }
2249         }
2250
2251         return ($res, $var);
2252 }
2253
2254 sub possible {
2255         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2256         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2257                 ^(?:
2258                         $Modifier|
2259                         $Storage|
2260                         $Type|
2261                         DEFINE_\S+
2262                 )$|
2263                 ^(?:
2264                         goto|
2265                         return|
2266                         case|
2267                         else|
2268                         asm|__asm__|
2269                         do|
2270                         \#|
2271                         \#\#|
2272                 )(?:\s|$)|
2273                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2274             )}x;
2275         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2276         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2277                 # Check for modifiers.
2278                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2279                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2280                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2281
2282                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2283                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2284                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2285                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2286                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2287                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2288                                 }
2289                         }
2290
2291                 } else {
2292                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2293                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2294                 }
2295                 build_types();
2296         } else {
2297                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2298         }
2299 }
2300
2301 my $prefix = '';
2302
2303 sub show_type {
2304         my ($type) = @_;
2305
2306         $type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2307
2308         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2309
2310         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2311 }
2312
2313 sub report {
2314         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2315
2316         if (!show_type($type) ||
2317             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2318                 return 0;
2319         }
2320         my $output = '';
2321         if ($color) {
2322                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2323                         $output .= RED;
2324                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2325                         $output .= YELLOW;
2326                 } else {
2327                         $output .= GREEN;
2328                 }
2329         }
2330         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2331         if ($show_types) {
2332                 $output .= BLUE if ($color);
2333                 $output .= "$type:";
2334         }
2335         $output .= RESET if ($color);
2336         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2337
2338         if ($showfile) {
2339                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2340                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2341                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
2342         }
2343
2344         if ($terse) {
2345                 $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
2346         }
2347
2348         if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
2349             !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
2350                 $output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
2351                 $verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
2352         }
2353
2354         push(our @report, $output);
2355
2356         return 1;
2357 }
2358
2359 sub report_dump {
2360         our @report;
2361 }
2362
2363 sub fixup_current_range {
2364         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2365
2366         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2367                 my $o = $1;
2368                 my $l = $2;
2369                 my $no = $o + $offset;
2370                 my $nl = $l + $length;
2371                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2372         }
2373 }
2374
2375 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2376         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2377
2378         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2379         my $delta_offset = 0;
2380
2381         my $old_linenr = 0;
2382         my $new_linenr = 0;
2383
2384         my $next_insert = 0;
2385         my $next_delete = 0;
2386
2387         my @lines = ();
2388
2389         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2390         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2391
2392         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2393                 my $save_line = 1;
2394                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
2395                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
2396                         $delta_offset = 0;
2397                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
2398                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2399                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2400                 }
2401
2402                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2403                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2404                         $save_line = 0;
2405                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2406                 }
2407
2408                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2409                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2410                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2411                         $new_linenr++;
2412                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2413                 }
2414
2415                 if ($save_line) {
2416                         push(@lines, $line);
2417                         $new_linenr++;
2418                 }
2419
2420                 $old_linenr++;
2421         }
2422
2423         return @lines;
2424 }
2425
2426 sub fix_insert_line {
2427         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2428
2429         my $inserted = {
2430                 LINENR => $linenr,
2431                 LINE => $line,
2432         };
2433         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2434 }
2435
2436 sub fix_delete_line {
2437         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2438
2439         my $deleted = {
2440                 LINENR => $linenr,
2441                 LINE => $line,
2442         };
2443
2444         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2445 }
2446
2447 sub ERROR {
2448         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2449
2450         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2451                 our $clean = 0;
2452                 our $cnt_error++;
2453                 return 1;
2454         }
2455         return 0;
2456 }
2457 sub WARN {
2458         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2459
2460         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2461                 our $clean = 0;
2462                 our $cnt_warn++;
2463                 return 1;
2464         }
2465         return 0;
2466 }
2467 sub CHK {
2468         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2469
2470         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2471                 our $clean = 0;
2472                 our $cnt_chk++;
2473                 return 1;
2474         }
2475         return 0;
2476 }
2477
2478 sub check_absolute_file {
2479         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2480         my $file = $absolute;
2481
2482         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2483
2484         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2485         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2486                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
2487                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
2488                         last;
2489                 }
2490         }
2491         if (! -f _)  {
2492                 return 0;
2493         }
2494
2495         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2496         my $prefix = $absolute;
2497         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2498
2499         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2500         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2501                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2502                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2503         }
2504 }
2505
2506 sub trim {
2507         my ($string) = @_;
2508
2509         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2510
2511         return $string;
2512 }
2513
2514 sub ltrim {
2515         my ($string) = @_;
2516
2517         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
2518
2519         return $string;
2520 }
2521
2522 sub rtrim {
2523         my ($string) = @_;
2524
2525         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
2526
2527         return $string;
2528 }
2529
2530 sub string_find_replace {
2531         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2532
2533         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2534
2535         return $string;
2536 }
2537
2538 sub tabify {
2539         my ($leading) = @_;
2540
2541         my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2542         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2543         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2544
2545         #convert leading spaces to tabs
2546         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2547         #Remove spaces before a tab
2548         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2549
2550         return "$leading";
2551 }
2552
2553 sub pos_last_openparen {
2554         my ($line) = @_;
2555
2556         my $pos = 0;
2557
2558         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2559         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2560
2561         my $last_openparen = 0;
2562
2563         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2564                 return -1;
2565         }
2566
2567         my $len = length($line);
2568
2569         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2570                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2571                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2572                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
2573                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2574                         $last_openparen = $pos;
2575                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2576                         last;
2577                 }
2578         }
2579
2580         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2581 }
2582
2583 sub get_raw_comment {
2584         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2585         my $comment = '';
2586
2587         for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2588                 if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2589                         $comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2590                 }
2591         }
2592
2593         return $comment;
2594 }
2595
2596 sub exclude_global_initialisers {
2597         my ($realfile) = @_;
2598
2599         # Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
2600         return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
2601                 $realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
2602                 $realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
2603 }
2604
2605 sub process {
2606         my $filename = shift;
2607
2608         my $linenr=0;
2609         my $prevline="";
2610         my $prevrawline="";
2611         my $stashline="";
2612         my $stashrawline="";
2613
2614         my $length;
2615         my $indent;
2616         my $previndent=0;
2617         my $stashindent=0;
2618
2619         our $clean = 1;
2620         my $signoff = 0;
2621         my $author = '';
2622         my $authorsignoff = 0;
2623         my $author_sob = '';
2624         my $is_patch = 0;
2625         my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2626         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2627         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
2628         my $has_patch_separator = 0;    #Found a --- line
2629         my $has_commit_log = 0;         #Encountered lines before patch
2630         my $commit_log_lines = 0;       #Number of commit log lines
2631         my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2632         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2633         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2634         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2635         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2636
2637         my $last_git_commit_id_linenr = -1;
2638
2639         my $last_blank_line = 0;
2640         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2641
2642         our @report = ();
2643         our $cnt_lines = 0;
2644         our $cnt_error = 0;
2645         our $cnt_warn = 0;
2646         our $cnt_chk = 0;
2647
2648         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
2649         my $realfile = '';
2650         my $realline = 0;
2651         my $realcnt = 0;
2652         my $here = '';
2653         my $context_function;           #undef'd unless there's a known function
2654         my $in_comment = 0;
2655         my $comment_edge = 0;
2656         my $first_line = 0;
2657         my $p1_prefix = '';
2658
2659         my $prev_values = 'E';
2660
2661         # suppression flags
2662         my %suppress_ifbraces;
2663         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2664         my %suppress_export;
2665         my $suppress_statement = 0;
2666
2667         my %signatures = ();
2668
2669         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2670         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2671         #
2672         my @setup_docs = ();
2673         my $setup_docs = 0;
2674
2675         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2676
2677         my $checklicenseline = 1;
2678
2679         sanitise_line_reset();
2680         my $line;
2681         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2682                 $linenr++;
2683                 $line = $rawline;
2684
2685                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2686
2687                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2688                         $setup_docs = 0;
2689                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2690                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2691                         }
2692                         #next;
2693                 }
2694                 if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2695                         $realline=$1-1;
2696                         if (defined $2) {
2697                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2698                         } else {
2699                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2700                         }
2701                         $in_comment = 0;
2702
2703                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2704                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2705                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2706                         # at context start.
2707                         my $edge;
2708                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2709                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2710                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2711                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2712                                 $cnt--;
2713                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2714                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2715                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2716                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2717                                         ($edge) = $1;
2718                                         last;
2719                                 }
2720                         }
2721                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2722                                 $in_comment = 1;
2723                         }
2724
2725                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2726                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2727                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2728                         if (!defined $edge &&
2729                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2730                         {
2731                                 $in_comment = 1;
2732                         }
2733
2734                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2735                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2736
2737                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2738                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2739                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2740                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2741                 }
2742                 push(@lines, $line);
2743
2744                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2745                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2746                 } else {
2747                         $realcnt = 0;
2748                 }
2749
2750                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2751                 #print "-->$line\n";
2752
2753                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2754                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2755                 }
2756         }
2757
2758         $prefix = '';
2759
2760         $realcnt = 0;
2761         $linenr = 0;
2762         $fixlinenr = -1;
2763         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2764                 $linenr++;
2765                 $fixlinenr++;
2766                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2767                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2768
2769                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2770                 my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2771
2772 # check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2773                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2774                     ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2775                     ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2776                      $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2777                         $is_patch = 1;
2778                 }
2779
2780 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2781                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2782                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2783                         my $context = $4;
2784                         $is_patch = 1;
2785                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2786                         $realline=$1-1;
2787                         if (defined $2) {
2788                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2789                         } else {
2790                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2791                         }
2792                         annotate_reset();
2793                         $prev_values = 'E';
2794
2795                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2796                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2797                         %suppress_export = ();
2798                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2799                         if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2800                                 $context_function = $1;
2801                         } else {
2802                                 undef $context_function;
2803                         }
2804                         next;
2805
2806 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2807 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2808 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2809                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2810                         $realline++;
2811                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2812
2813                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2814                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2815
2816                         # Track the previous line.
2817                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2818                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2819                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2820
2821                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2822
2823                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2824                         $realcnt--;
2825                 }
2826
2827                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2828
2829                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2830                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2831
2832                 my $found_file = 0;
2833                 # extract the filename as it passes
2834                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2835                         $realfile = $1;
2836                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2837                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2838                         $found_file = 1;
2839                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2840                         $realfile = $1;
2841                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2842                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2843
2844                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2845                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2846                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2847                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2848                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2849                         }
2850
2851                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2852                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2853                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2854                         }
2855                         $found_file = 1;
2856                 }
2857
2858 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2859                 if ($showfile) {
2860                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2861                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2862                         if ($file) {
2863                                 $prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2864                         } else {
2865                                 $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2866                         }
2867                 }
2868
2869                 if ($found_file) {
2870                         if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2871                                 WARN("OBSOLETE",
2872                                      "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2873                         }
2874                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2875                                 $check = 1;
2876                         } else {
2877                                 $check = $check_orig;
2878                         }
2879                         $checklicenseline = 1;
2880
2881                         if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2882                                 my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2883
2884                                 $is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2885
2886                                 if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2887                                     ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2888                                         WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2889                                              "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2890                                 }
2891                         }
2892
2893                         next;
2894                 }
2895
2896                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2897
2898                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2899                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2900                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2901
2902                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2903
2904 # Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2905 # 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2906                 if ($in_commit_log) {
2907                         if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2908                                 $commit_log_lines++;    #could be a $signature
2909                         }
2910                 } elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2911                         WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2912                              "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2913                         $commit_log_lines = 2;  #warn only once
2914                 }
2915
2916 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2917                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2918                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2919                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2920                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2921                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2922                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2923                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2924                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2925                 }
2926
2927 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2928                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2929                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2930                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2931                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2932                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2933                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2934                         }
2935                 }
2936
2937 # Check the patch for a From:
2938                 if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2939                         $author = $1;
2940                         my $curline = $linenr;
2941                         while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
2942                                 $author .= $1;
2943                         }
2944                         $author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2945                         $author =~ s/"//g;
2946                         $author = reformat_email($author);
2947                 }
2948
2949 # Check the patch for a signoff:
2950                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2951                         $signoff++;
2952                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2953                         if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
2954                                 if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2955                                         $authorsignoff = 1;
2956                                 } else {
2957                                         my $ctx = $1;
2958                                         my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
2959                                         my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
2960
2961                                         if (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
2962                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2963                                                 $authorsignoff = 2;
2964                                         } elsif (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address) {
2965                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2966                                                 $authorsignoff = 3;
2967                                         } elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
2968                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2969                                                 $authorsignoff = 4;
2970
2971                                                 my $address1 = $email_address;
2972                                                 my $address2 = $author_address;
2973
2974                                                 if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2975                                                         $address1 = "$1$2";
2976                                                 }
2977                                                 if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2978                                                         $address2 = "$1$2";
2979                                                 }
2980                                                 if ($address1 eq $address2) {
2981                                                         $authorsignoff = 5;
2982                                                 }
2983                                         }
2984                                 }
2985                         }
2986                 }
2987
2988 # Check for patch separator
2989                 if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
2990                         $has_patch_separator = 1;
2991                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2992                 }
2993
2994 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2995 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2996                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2997                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2998                 }
2999
3000 # Check signature styles
3001                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
3002                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
3003                         my $space_before = $1;
3004                         my $sign_off = $2;
3005                         my $space_after = $3;
3006                         my $email = $4;
3007                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
3008
3009                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
3010                                 my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
3011                                 if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
3012                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3013                                              "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
3014                                 } else {
3015                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3016                                                  "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
3017                                             $fix) {
3018                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
3019                                         }
3020                                 }
3021                         }
3022                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
3023                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3024                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3025                                     $fix) {
3026                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3027                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3028                                 }
3029                         }
3030                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
3031                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3032                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
3033                                     $fix) {
3034                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3035                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3036                                 }
3037
3038                         }
3039                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
3040                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3041                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3042                                     $fix) {
3043                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3044                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3045                                 }
3046                         }
3047
3048                         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
3049                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
3050                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
3051                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3052                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3053                         } else {
3054                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
3055                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
3056                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
3057                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
3058                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
3059                                 if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
3060                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3061                                                  "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3062                                             $fix) {
3063                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
3064                                         }
3065                                 }
3066
3067                                 # Address part shouldn't have comments
3068                                 my $stripped_address = $email_address;
3069                                 $stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
3070                                 if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
3071                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3072                                                  "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3073                                             $fix) {
3074                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
3075                                         }
3076                                 }
3077
3078                                 # Only one name comment should be allowed
3079                                 my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
3080                                 if ($comment_count > 1) {
3081                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3082                                              "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3083                                 }
3084
3085
3086                                 # stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
3087                                 # have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
3088                                 # begin with a #
3089                                 if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
3090                                         if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
3091                                             ($email_name ne "")) {
3092                                                 my $cur_name = $email_name;
3093                                                 my $new_comment = $comment;
3094                                                 $cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
3095
3096                                                 # Remove brackets enclosing comment text
3097                                                 # and # from start of comments to get comment text
3098                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
3099                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3100                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
3101
3102                                                 $new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
3103                                                 $new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
3104                                                 my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
3105
3106                                                 if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
3107                                                          "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3108                                                     $fix) {
3109                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3110                                                 }
3111                                         }
3112                                 } elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
3113                                         my $new_comment = $comment;
3114
3115                                         # Extract comment text from within brackets or
3116                                         # c89 style /*...*/ comments
3117                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3118                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
3119
3120                                         $new_comment = trim($new_comment);
3121                                         $new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
3122                                         $new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
3123                                         my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
3124
3125                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3126                                                  "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3127                                             $fix) {
3128                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3129                                         }
3130                                 }
3131                         }
3132
3133 # Check for duplicate signatures
3134                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
3135                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
3136                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
3137                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
3138                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3139                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
3140                         } else {
3141                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
3142                         }
3143
3144 # Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
3145                         if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
3146                                 if ($email eq $author) {
3147                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3148                                               "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3149                                 }
3150                                 if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3151                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3152                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3153                                 } elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3154                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3155                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
3156                                 } elsif ($1 ne $email) {
3157                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3158                                              "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
3159                                 }
3160                         }
3161                 }
3162
3163 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
3164                 if ($in_header_lines &&
3165                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
3166                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
3167                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
3168                 }
3169
3170 # Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
3171                 if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
3172                         if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
3173                                   "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
3174                             $fix) {
3175                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3176                         }
3177                 }
3178
3179 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3180                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3181                     ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3182                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3183                                         # timestamp
3184                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3185                      $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3186                      $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3187                                         # stack dump address styles
3188                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3189                 }
3190
3191 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3192                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3193                     length($line) > 75 &&
3194                     !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3195                                         # file delta changes
3196                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-\+]*\/)++[\w\.\-\+]+:/ ||
3197                                         # filename then :
3198                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:|$signature_tags)/i ||
3199                                         # A Fixes: or Link: line or signature tag line
3200                       $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3201                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3202                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
3203                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
3204                 }
3205
3206 # Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3207                 if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3208                     $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3209                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3210                 }
3211
3212 # Check for lines starting with a #
3213                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3214                         if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3215                                  "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3216                             $fix) {
3217                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3218                         }
3219                 }
3220
3221 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3222 # A correctly formed commit description is:
3223 #    commit <SHA-1 hash length 12+ chars> ("Complete commit subject")
3224 # with the commit subject '("' prefix and '")' suffix
3225 # This is a fairly compilicated block as it tests for what appears to be
3226 # bare SHA-1 hash with  minimum length of 5.  It also avoids several types of
3227 # possible SHA-1 matches.
3228 # A commit match can span multiple lines so this block attempts to find a
3229 # complete typical commit on a maximum of 3 lines
3230                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3231                     $in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3232                     $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3233                     $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3234                     (($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
3235                       ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i && defined($rawlines[$linenr]) && $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i)) ||
3236                      ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3237                       $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3238                       $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3239                         my $init_char = "c";
3240                         my $orig_commit = "";
3241                         my $short = 1;
3242                         my $long = 0;
3243                         my $case = 1;
3244                         my $space = 1;
3245                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
3246                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3247                         my $description = "";
3248                         my $herectx = $herecurr;
3249                         my $has_parens = 0;
3250                         my $has_quotes = 0;
3251
3252                         my $input = $line;
3253                         if ($line =~ /(?:\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}|\bcommit\s*$)/i) {
3254                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < 2; $n++) {
3255                                         if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*($balanced_parens)/i) {
3256                                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3257                                                 $has_parens = 1;
3258                                                 # Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3259                                                 $orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3260                                                 if ($orig_desc =~ /^".*"$/) {
3261                                                         $orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3262                                                         $has_quotes = 1;
3263                                                 }
3264                                                 last;
3265                                         }
3266                                         last if ($#lines < $linenr + $n);
3267                                         $input .= " " . trim($rawlines[$linenr + $n]);
3268                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$linenr + $n]\n";
3269                                 }
3270                                 $herectx = $herecurr if (!$has_parens);
3271                         }
3272
3273                         if ($input =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3274                                 $init_char = $1;
3275                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
3276                                 $short = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3277                                 $long = 1 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3278                                 $space = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3279                                 $case = 0 if ($input =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3280                         } elsif ($input =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
3281                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
3282                         }
3283
3284                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3285                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
3286
3287                         if (defined($id) &&
3288                             ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$has_quotes) &&
3289                             $last_git_commit_id_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
3290                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3291                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herectx);
3292                         }
3293                         #don't report the next line if this line ends in commit and the sha1 hash is the next line
3294                         $last_git_commit_id_linenr = $linenr if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i);
3295                 }
3296
3297 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
3298                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3299                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3300                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3301                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3302                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3303                         $is_patch = 1;
3304                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3305                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3306                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3307                 }
3308
3309 # Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3310                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
3311                     ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3312                     ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3313                         WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3314                              "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
3315                 }
3316
3317 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3318                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3319                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3320                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3321                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3322                 }
3323
3324 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3325                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3326                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3327                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3328
3329                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3330                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3331                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3332
3333                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3334                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3335                 }
3336
3337 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
3338 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3339                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3340                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3341                       $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3342                         $in_header_lines = 0;
3343                         $in_commit_log = 1;
3344                         $has_commit_log = 1;
3345                 }
3346
3347 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3348 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3349                 if ($in_header_lines &&
3350                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3351                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3352                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
3353                 }
3354
3355                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3356                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3357                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3358                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3359                 }
3360
3361 # Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3362                 if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3363                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3364                                 my $file = $1;
3365
3366                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3367                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3368                                         #
3369                                 } else {
3370                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3371                                 }
3372                         }
3373                 }
3374
3375 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3376                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
3377                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3378                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3379                                 my $typo = $1;
3380                                 my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3381                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3382                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3383                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3384                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3385                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3386                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3387                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3388                                 if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3389                                                   "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3390                                     $fix) {
3391                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3392                                 }
3393                         }
3394                 }
3395
3396 # check for invalid commit id
3397                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3398                         my $id;
3399                         my $description;
3400                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3401                         if (!defined($id)) {
3402                                 WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3403                                      "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3404                         }
3405                 }
3406
3407 # check for repeated words separated by a single space
3408 # avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3409                 if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3410                     $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3411                         pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3412                         while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3413
3414                                 my $first = $1;
3415                                 my $second = $2;
3416                                 my $start_pos = $-[1];
3417                                 my $end_pos = $+[2];
3418                                 if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3419                                         pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3420                                         next;
3421                                 }
3422
3423                                 next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3424                                 next if ($first eq 'long');
3425
3426                                 # check for character before and after the word matches
3427                                 my $start_char = '';
3428                                 my $end_char = '';
3429                                 $start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3430                                 $end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3431
3432                                 next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3433                                 next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3434
3435                                 # avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3436                                 if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3437                                         next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3438                                 }
3439
3440                                 if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3441                                          "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3442                                     $fix) {
3443                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3444                                 }
3445                         }
3446
3447                         # if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3448                         if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3449                             $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3450                                 my $last_word = $1;
3451                                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3452                                         if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3453                                                  "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3454                                             $fix) {
3455                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3456                                         }
3457                                 }
3458                         }
3459                 }
3460
3461 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3462                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3463
3464 #trailing whitespace
3465                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3466                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3467                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3468                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3469                             $fix) {
3470                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3471                         }
3472                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3473                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3474                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3475                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3476                             $fix) {
3477                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3478                         }
3479
3480                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3481                 }
3482
3483 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3484                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3485                     $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3486                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3487                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3488                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3489                         my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3490                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3491                         &{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3492                                       "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3493                 }
3494
3495 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3496 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3497 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3498                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3499                     # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3500                     # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3501                     # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3502                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3503                         my $ln = $linenr;
3504                         my $needs_help = 0;
3505                         my $has_help = 0;
3506                         my $help_length = 0;
3507                         while (defined $lines[$ln]) {
3508                                 my $f = $lines[$ln++];
3509
3510                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3511                                 last if ($f !~ /^[\+ ]/);       # !patch context
3512
3513                                 if ($f =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3514                                         $needs_help = 1;
3515                                         next;
3516                                 }
3517                                 if ($f =~ /^\+\s*help\s*$/) {
3518                                         $has_help = 1;
3519                                         next;
3520                                 }
3521
3522                                 $f =~ s/^.//;   # strip patch context [+ ]
3523                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;  # strip # directives
3524                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//; # strip leading blanks
3525                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);   # skip blank lines
3526
3527                                 # At the end of this Kconfig block:
3528                                 # This only checks context lines in the patch
3529                                 # and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3530                                 # positives, even though some of these are
3531                                 # common words in help texts
3532                                 if ($f =~ /^(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3533                                                if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3534                                         last;
3535                                 }
3536                                 $help_length++ if ($has_help);
3537                         }
3538                         if ($needs_help &&
3539                             $help_length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3540                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $ln - 1);
3541                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3542                                      "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
3543                         }
3544                 }
3545
3546 # check MAINTAINERS entries
3547                 if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3548 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3549                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3550                             $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3551                                 if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3552                                          "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3553                                     $fix) {
3554                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3555                                 }
3556                         }
3557 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3558                         my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3559                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3560                             $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3561                                 $rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3562                                 my $cur = $1;
3563                                 my $curval = $2;
3564                                 $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3565                                 my $prev = $1;
3566                                 my $prevval = $2;
3567                                 my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3568                                 my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3569                                 if ($curindex < 0) {
3570                                         WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3571                                              "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3572                                 } else {
3573                                         if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3574                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3575                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3576                                         } elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3577                                                   ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3578                                                  ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3579                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3580                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3581                                         }
3582                                 }
3583                         }
3584                 }
3585
3586                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3587                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3588                         my $flag = $1;
3589                         my $replacement = {
3590                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3591                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3592                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3593                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3594                         };
3595
3596                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3597                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3598                 }
3599
3600 # check for DT compatible documentation
3601                 if (defined $root &&
3602                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3603                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3604
3605                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3606
3607                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3608                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3609
3610                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3611                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
3612                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3613                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
3614                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3615                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3616                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3617                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3618                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3619                                 }
3620
3621                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3622                                 my $vendor = $1;
3623                                 `grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3624                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3625                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3626                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3627                                 }
3628                         }
3629                 }
3630
3631 # check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3632                 if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3633                         if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3634                                 $checklicenseline = 2;
3635                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3636                                 my $comment = "";
3637                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3638                                         $comment = '/*';
3639                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3640                                         $comment = '//';
3641                                 } elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3642                                         $comment = '#';
3643                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3644                                         $comment = '..';
3645                                 }
3646
3647 # check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3648                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3649                                     $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3650                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3651                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3652                                              "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3653                                 }
3654
3655                                 if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3656                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3657                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3658                                              "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3659                                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3660                                         my $spdx_license = $1;
3661                                         if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3662                                                 WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3663                                                      "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3664                                         }
3665                                         if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3666                                             not $spdx_license =~ /GPL-2\.0.*BSD-2-Clause/) {
3667                                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3668                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3669                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3670
3671                                                                   "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3672                                                     $fix) {
3673                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3674                                                 }
3675                                         }
3676                                 }
3677                         }
3678                 }
3679
3680 # check for embedded filenames
3681                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\Q$realfile\E/) {
3682                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3683                              "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3684                 }
3685
3686 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3687                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3688
3689 # check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3690                 if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3691                     $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3692                     substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3693                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3694                              "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3695                 }
3696
3697 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
3698 #
3699 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3700 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3701 #       lines with a single string
3702 #       #defines that are a single string
3703 #       lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3704 #
3705 # There are 3 different line length message types:
3706 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3707 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3708 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3709 #
3710 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3711 #
3712
3713                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3714                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3715
3716                         # Check the allowed long line types first
3717
3718                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
3719                         # before $max_line_length
3720                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3721                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3722                                 $msg_type = "";
3723
3724                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3725                         # #defines with only strings
3726                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3727                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3728                                 $msg_type = "";
3729
3730                         # More special cases
3731                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3732                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3733                                 $msg_type = "";
3734
3735                         # URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3736                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3737                                 $msg_type = "";
3738
3739                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
3740
3741                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
3742                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3743                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3744                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3745
3746                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3747                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3748                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3749                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3750                         }
3751
3752                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3753                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3754                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3755                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3756                                 &{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3757                                               "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3758                         }
3759                 }
3760
3761 # check for adding lines without a newline.
3762                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3763                         if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3764                                  "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3765                             $fix) {
3766                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3767                         }
3768                 }
3769
3770 # check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
3771                 if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
3772                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
3773                         WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
3774                              "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
3775                 }
3776
3777 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3778                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3779
3780 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3781 # more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3782                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3783                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3784                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3785                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3786                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3787                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3788                             $fix) {
3789                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3790                         }
3791                 }
3792
3793 # check for space before tabs.
3794                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3795                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3796                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3797                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3798                             $fix) {
3799                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3800                                            s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3801                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3802                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3803                         }
3804                 }
3805
3806 # check for assignments on the start of a line
3807                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3808                         my $operator = $1;
3809                         if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3810                                 "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3811                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3812                                 # add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3813                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3814                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3815                         }
3816                 }
3817
3818 # check for && or || at the start of a line
3819                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3820                         my $operator = $1;
3821                         if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3822                                 "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3823                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3824                                 # insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3825                                 $prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3826                                 my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3827                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3828                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3829                         }
3830                 }
3831
3832 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
3833                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3834                     $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3835                         my $indent = length($1);
3836                         if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3837                                 if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3838                                          "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3839                                     $fix) {
3840                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3841                                 }
3842                         }
3843                 }
3844
3845 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3846                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3847                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3848                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3849                         my $oldindent = $1;
3850                         my $rest = $2;
3851
3852                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3853                         if ($pos >= 0) {
3854                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3855                                 my $newindent = $2;
3856
3857                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3858                                         "\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3859                                         " "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3860                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3861
3862                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3863                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3864
3865                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3866                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3867                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3868                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3869                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3870                                         }
3871                                 }
3872                         }
3873                 }
3874
3875 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3876 # avoid checking a few false positives:
3877 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3878 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3879 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3880 #   multiline macros that define functions
3881 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3882                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3883                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3884                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3885                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3886                             $fix) {
3887                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3888                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3889                         }
3890                 }
3891
3892 # Block comment styles
3893 # Networking with an initial /*
3894                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3895                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3896                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3897                     $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
3898                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3899                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3900                 }
3901
3902 # Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3903                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3904                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&             #starting /*
3905                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
3906                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
3907                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
3908                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3909                              "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3910                 }
3911
3912 # Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3913                 if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
3914                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
3915                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
3916                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
3917                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3918                              "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3919                 }
3920
3921 # Block comment * alignment
3922                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3923                     $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&                   #leading comment
3924                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&                #leading *
3925                     (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&           #leading /*
3926                       $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||         #no trailing */
3927                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {          #leading *
3928                         my $oldindent;
3929                         $prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3930                         if (defined($1)) {
3931                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3932                         } else {
3933                                 $prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3934                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3935                         }
3936                         $rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3937                         my $newindent = $1;
3938                         $newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3939                         if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3940                                 WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3941                                      "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3942                         }
3943                 }
3944
3945 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3946 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3947                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3948                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3949                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3950                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:EXPORT_SYMBOL|early_param)/ ||
3951                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3952                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3953                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3954                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3955                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3956                       $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3957                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3958                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3959                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3960                             $fix) {
3961                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3962                         }
3963                 }
3964
3965 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3966                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3967                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3968                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3969                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3970                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3971                             $fix) {
3972                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3973                         }
3974
3975                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
3976                 }
3977
3978 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
3979 # (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
3980                 if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
3981                         # use temporaries
3982                         my $sl = $sline;
3983                         my $pl = $prevline;
3984                         # remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
3985                         $sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
3986                         $pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
3987                         if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3988                         # function pointer declarations
3989                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3990                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3991                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3992                         # known declaration macros
3993                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
3994                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
3995                             !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
3996                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
3997                               $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
3998                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
3999                               $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
4000                         # looks like a declaration
4001                             !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4002                         # function pointer declarations
4003                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4004                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4005                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4006                         # known declaration macros
4007                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
4008                         # start of struct or union or enum
4009                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
4010                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
4011                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
4012                         # bitfield continuation
4013                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
4014                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
4015                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
4016                                 if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
4017                                          "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4018                                     $fix) {
4019                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4020                                 }
4021                         }
4022                 }
4023
4024 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
4025 # Exceptions:
4026 #  1) within comments
4027 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
4028 #  3) hanging labels
4029                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
4030                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
4031                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
4032                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
4033                             $fix) {
4034                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
4035                         }
4036                 }
4037
4038 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
4039                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
4040
4041 # check for unusual line ending [ or (
4042                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
4043                         CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
4044                             "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
4045                 }
4046
4047 # check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
4048                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
4049                     $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
4050                         $context_function = $1;
4051                 }
4052
4053 # check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
4054                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
4055                         undef $context_function;
4056                 }
4057
4058 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
4059 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
4060 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
4061                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
4062                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
4063                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
4064                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
4065                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
4066                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
4067                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
4068                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
4069                         }
4070                 }
4071
4072 # check indentation of a line with a break;
4073 # if the previous line is a goto, return or break
4074 # and is indented the same # of tabs
4075                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
4076                         my $tabs = $1;
4077                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
4078                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
4079                                          "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
4080                                     $fix) {
4081                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4082                                 }
4083                         }
4084                 }
4085
4086 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
4087                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
4088                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
4089                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
4090                 }
4091
4092 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
4093                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
4094                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
4095                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
4096                 }
4097
4098 # Check for potential 'bare' types
4099                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
4100                     $realline_next);
4101 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
4102                 if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
4103                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
4104                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4105                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4106                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4107                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4108
4109 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
4110                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
4111                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
4112                         # until we hit end of it.
4113                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
4114                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
4115 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
4116                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
4117                         }
4118
4119                         # Find the real next line.
4120                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
4121                         if (defined $realline_next &&
4122                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
4123                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
4124                                 $realline_next++;
4125                         }
4126
4127                         my $s = $stat;
4128                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
4129
4130                         # Ignore goto labels.
4131                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
4132
4133                         # Ignore functions being called
4134                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4135
4136                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
4137
4138                         # declarations always start with types
4139                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
4140                                 my $type = $1;
4141                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4142                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
4143
4144                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
4145                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
4146                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
4147                         }
4148
4149                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
4150                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
4151                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
4152                         }
4153
4154                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
4155                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
4156                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
4157                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
4158                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
4159
4160                                 my $ctx = $s;
4161                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
4162                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
4163
4164                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
4165                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
4166
4167                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
4168                                         }
4169                                 }
4170                         }
4171
4172                 }
4173
4174 #
4175 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
4176 #
4177
4178 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
4179 # statements should be at the same indent.
4180                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
4181                         my $err = '';
4182                         my $sep = '';
4183                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
4184                         shift(@ctx);
4185                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
4186                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
4187                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
4188                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
4189                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
4190                                         $sep = '';
4191                                 } else {
4192                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
4193                                 }
4194                         }
4195                         if ($err ne '') {
4196                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
4197                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
4198                         }
4199                 }
4200
4201 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
4202 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
4203                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
4204                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4205
4206                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4207
4208                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4209                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4210                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4211                         }
4212
4213                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4214                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4215
4216                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4217                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4218
4219                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4220                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4221                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4222                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4223                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4224                                 $ctx_ln++;
4225                         }
4226
4227                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4228                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4229
4230                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4231                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4232                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4233                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4234                         }
4235                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4236                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4237                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4238                         {
4239                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4240                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
4241                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4242                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4243                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4244                                 }
4245                         }
4246                 }
4247
4248 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4249                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4250                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4251                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4252                                         if (!defined $stat);
4253                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4254
4255                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4256
4257                         # remove inline comments
4258                         $s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4259                         $c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4260
4261                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4262                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4263                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4264
4265                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4266                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4267                         # where necessary.
4268                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4269                         while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4270                                 $cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4271                         }
4272
4273                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
4274                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4275                         #  1) any blank line termination
4276                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4277                         #  3) any do (...) {
4278                         my $continuation = 0;
4279                         my $check = 0;
4280                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4281                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4282                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4283                                 $continuation = 1;
4284                         }
4285                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4286                                 $check = 1;
4287                                 $cond_lines++;
4288                         }
4289
4290                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4291                         # preprocessor statement.
4292                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4293                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4294                                 $check = 0;
4295                         }
4296
4297                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
4298                         $continuation = 0;
4299                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4300                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4301
4302                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4303                                 # is not linear.
4304                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4305                                         $check = 0;
4306                                 }
4307
4308                                 # Ignore:
4309                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4310                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
4311                                 #  3) labels.
4312                                 if ($continuation ||
4313                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4314                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4315                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4316                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4317                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4318                                                 $cond_lines++;
4319                                         }
4320                                 }
4321                         }
4322
4323                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4324                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4325
4326                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4327                         # this is not this patch's fault.
4328                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4329                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4330                                 $check = 0;
4331                         }
4332                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4333                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4334                         }
4335
4336                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4337
4338                         if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4339                             (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4340                              ($sindent < $indent) ||
4341                              ($sindent == $indent &&
4342                               ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4343                              ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4344                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4345                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4346                         }
4347                 }
4348
4349                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4350                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4351                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4352                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4353                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4354                 if ($dbg_values) {
4355                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4356                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4357                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4358                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4359                 }
4360                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4361
4362 #ignore lines not being added
4363                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4364
4365 # check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4366 # e.g.: int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4367 #       struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4368                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4369                         my $var = $1;
4370                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4371                                 WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4372                                      "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4373                         }
4374                 }
4375
4376 # check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4377                 if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4378                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4379                         $prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4380                         my $ref = $1;
4381                         $line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4382                         $ref .= $1;
4383                         $ref =~ s/\s//g;
4384                         WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4385                              "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4386                 }
4387
4388 # check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4389                 while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4390                         my $type = $1;
4391                         my $var = $2;
4392                         $var = "" if (!defined $var);
4393                         if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4394                                 my $sign = $1;
4395                                 my $pointer = $2;
4396
4397                                 $pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4398
4399                                 if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4400                                          "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4401                                     $fix) {
4402                                         my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4403                                         my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4404                                         $comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4405                                         $decl .= $comp_pointer;
4406                                         $decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4407                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4408                                 }
4409                         }
4410                 }
4411
4412 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4413                 if ($dbg_type) {
4414                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4415                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4416                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4417                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4418                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4419                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4420                         }
4421                         next;
4422                 }
4423 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4424                 if ($dbg_attr) {
4425                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4426                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4427                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4428                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4429                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4430                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4431                         }
4432                         next;
4433                 }
4434
4435 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4436                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4437                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4438                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4439                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4440                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4441                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4442                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4443                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4444                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4445                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4446                                 $fixedline = $line;
4447                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4448                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4449                         }
4450                 }
4451
4452 #
4453 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4454 #
4455
4456 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4457                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4458                         my $path = $1;
4459                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4460                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4461                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4462                         }
4463                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4464                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4465                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4466                         }
4467                 }
4468
4469 # no C99 // comments
4470                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4471                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4472                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4473                             $fix) {
4474                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4475                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4476                                         my $comment = trim($1);
4477                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4478                                 }
4479                         }
4480                 }
4481                 # Remove C99 comments.
4482                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
4483                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4484
4485 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4486 # the whole statement.
4487 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4488                 if (defined $realline_next &&
4489                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4490                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4491                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4492                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4493                         # a prefix:
4494                         #   XXX(foo);
4495                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4496                         my $name = $1;
4497                         $name =~ s/^\s*($Ident).*/$1/;
4498                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4499                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4500 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4501                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4502
4503                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4504                                 \n.}\s*$|
4505                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4506                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4507                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4508                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4509                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4510                             )/x) {
4511 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4512                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4513                         } else {
4514                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4515                         }
4516                 }
4517                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4518                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4519                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4520 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4521                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4522                 }
4523                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4524                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4525                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4526                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4527                 }
4528
4529 # check for global initialisers.
4530                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
4531                     !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
4532                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4533                                   "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4534                             $fix) {
4535                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4536                         }
4537                 }
4538 # check for static initialisers.
4539                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4540                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4541                                   "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4542                                       $herecurr) &&
4543                             $fix) {
4544                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4545                         }
4546                 }
4547
4548 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4549                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4550                         my $tmp = trim($1);
4551                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4552                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4553                 }
4554
4555 # check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4556                 while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4557                         my $type = trim($1);
4558                         next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4559                         next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4560                         my $new_type = $type;
4561                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4562                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4563                         $new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4564                         $new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4565                         $new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4566                         $new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4567                         $new_type = trim($new_type);
4568                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4569                                  "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4570                             $fix) {
4571                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4572                         }
4573                 }
4574
4575 # check for static const char * arrays.
4576                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4577                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4578                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4579                                 $herecurr);
4580                 }
4581
4582 # check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4583                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4584                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4585                                  "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4586                             $fix) {
4587                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4588                         }
4589                 }
4590
4591 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4592                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4593                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4594                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4595                                 $herecurr);
4596                 }
4597
4598 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4599                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4600                         my $found = $1;
4601                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4602                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4603                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4604                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4605                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4606                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4607                         }
4608                 }
4609
4610 # check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4611 # prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4612                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4613                     $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4614                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4615                                  "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4616                             $fix) {
4617                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4618                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4619                         }
4620                 }
4621
4622 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4623                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4624                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4625                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4626                                 $herecurr);
4627                 }
4628
4629 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4630                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4631                         my $array = $1;
4632                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4633                                 my $array_div = $1;
4634                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4635                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4636                                     $fix) {
4637                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4638                                 }
4639                         }
4640                 }
4641
4642 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4643                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4644                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4645                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4646                             $fix) {
4647                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4648                         }
4649                 }
4650
4651 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4652 # make sense.
4653                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4654                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4655                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4656                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4657                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4658                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4659                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4660                 }
4661
4662 # * goes on variable not on type
4663                 # (char*[ const])
4664                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4665                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
4666                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4667
4668                         # Should start with a space.
4669                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4670                         # Should not end with a space.
4671                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4672                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4673                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4674                         }
4675
4676 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4677                         if ($from ne $to) {
4678                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4679                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4680                                     $fix) {
4681                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
4682                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
4683                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4684                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4685                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4686                                 }
4687                         }
4688                 }
4689                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4690                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
4691                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4692
4693                         # Should start with a space.
4694                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4695                         # Should not end with a space.
4696                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4697                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4698                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4699                         }
4700                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
4701                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4702
4703 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4704                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4705                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4706                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4707                                     $fix) {
4708
4709                                         my $sub_from = $match;
4710                                         my $sub_to = $match;
4711                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4712                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4713                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4714                                 }
4715                         }
4716                 }
4717
4718 # avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
4719                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
4720                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4721                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4722                         &{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4723                                       "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
4724                 }
4725
4726 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4727                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4728                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4729                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4730                 }
4731
4732 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4733                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4734                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4735                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4736                 }
4737
4738 # printk should use KERN_* levels
4739                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4740                         WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4741                              "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4742                 }
4743
4744 # prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4745                 if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4746                         my $printk = $1;
4747                         my $modifier = $2;
4748                         my $orig = $3;
4749                         $modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4750                         my $level = lc($orig);
4751                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4752                         my $level2 = $level;
4753                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4754                         $level .= $modifier;
4755                         $level2 .= $modifier;
4756                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4757                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4758                 }
4759
4760 # prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4761                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4762                         my $orig = $1;
4763                         my $level = lc($orig);
4764                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4765                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4766                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4767                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4768                 }
4769
4770 # trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4771                 if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4772                         WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4773                              "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4774                 }
4775
4776 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4777 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4778 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4779                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4780                         WARN("ENOSYS",
4781                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4782                 }
4783
4784 # ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4785 # Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4786 # Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4787                 if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4788                         if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4789                                  "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4790                             $fix) {
4791                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4792                         }
4793                 }
4794
4795 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4796 # or if closed on same line
4797                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4798                     $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4799                     $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4800                     $sline !~ /}/) {
4801                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4802                                   "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4803                             $fix) {
4804                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4805                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4806                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4807                                 my $line1 = $1;
4808                                 my $line2 = $2;
4809                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4810                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4811                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4812                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4813                                 }
4814                         }
4815                 }
4816
4817 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4818                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4819                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4820                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4821                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4822                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4823                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4824                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4825                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4826                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4827                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4828                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4829                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4830                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4831                                 }
4832                         }
4833                 }
4834
4835 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4836                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4837                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4838                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4839                             $fix) {
4840                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4841                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4842                         }
4843                 }
4844
4845 # Function pointer declarations
4846 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4847 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4848                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4849                         my $declare = $1;
4850                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4851                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4852                         my $funcname = $4;
4853                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4854                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
4855
4856 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4857 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4858 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4859                         my $post_declare_space = "";
4860                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4861                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
4862                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
4863                         }
4864                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4865                                 WARN("SPACING",
4866                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4867                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
4868                         }
4869
4870 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4871 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4872 # equivalent to
4873 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
4874 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4875 #
4876 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4877 #                               WARN("SPACING",
4878 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4879 #                       }
4880
4881 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4882                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4883                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4884                                 WARN("SPACING",
4885                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4886                         }
4887
4888 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4889                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4890                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4891                                 WARN("SPACING",
4892                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4893                         }
4894
4895 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4896                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4897                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4898                                 WARN("SPACING",
4899                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4900                         }
4901
4902 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4903                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4904                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4905                                 WARN("SPACING",
4906                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4907                         }
4908
4909                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4910                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4911                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4912                         }
4913                 }
4914
4915 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4916 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4917 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4918 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4919                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4920                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4921                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4922                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4923                             $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4924                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4925                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4926                                     $fix) {
4927                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4928                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4929                                 }
4930                         }
4931                 }
4932
4933 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4934                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4935                         my $name = $1;
4936                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4937                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4938
4939                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4940                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
4941                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4942                                 volatile|__volatile__|
4943                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
4944                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
4945                         {
4946                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4947                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
4948                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4949                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4950
4951                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4952                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4953
4954                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
4955                         # likely a typedef for a function.
4956                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4957
4958                         } else {
4959                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
4960                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4961                                              $fix) {
4962                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4963                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4964                                 }
4965                         }
4966                 }
4967
4968 # Check operator spacing.
4969                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4970                         my $fixed_line = "";
4971                         my $line_fixed = 0;
4972
4973                         my $ops = qr{
4974                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4975                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4976                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4977                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4978                                 \?:|\?|:
4979                         }x;
4980                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4981
4982 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4983 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
4984 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
4985 ##                      }
4986
4987                         my @fix_elements = ();
4988                         my $off = 0;
4989
4990                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
4991                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
4992                                 $off += length($el);
4993                         }
4994
4995                         $off = 0;
4996
4997                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
4998                         my $last_after = -1;
4999
5000                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
5001
5002                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
5003
5004 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
5005
5006                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
5007
5008                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
5009                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
5010                                 my $cc = '';
5011                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
5012                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
5013                                 }
5014                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
5015
5016                                 my $a = '';
5017                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
5018                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
5019                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
5020                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
5021                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
5022                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
5023
5024                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
5025
5026                                 my $c = '';
5027                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
5028                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
5029                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
5030                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
5031                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
5032                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
5033                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
5034                                 } else {
5035                                         $c = 'E';
5036                                 }
5037
5038                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
5039
5040                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
5041
5042                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
5043                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
5044
5045                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
5046                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
5047
5048                                 # Get the full operator variant.
5049                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
5050
5051                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
5052                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
5053                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
5054
5055 #                               # Ignore comments
5056 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
5057
5058                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
5059                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
5060                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
5061                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
5062                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5063                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5064                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5065                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5066                                                 }
5067                                         }
5068
5069                                 # // is a comment
5070                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
5071
5072                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
5073                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
5074                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
5075
5076                                 # No spaces for:
5077                                 #   ->
5078                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
5079                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
5080                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5081                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5082                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5083                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5084                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5085                                                         }
5086                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5087                                                 }
5088                                         }
5089
5090                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
5091                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
5092                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
5093                                         my $space_after = 0;
5094                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5095                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5096                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5097                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5098                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
5099                                                 }
5100                                         }
5101                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
5102                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5103                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5104                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5105                                                         $last_after = $n;
5106                                                         $space_after = 1;
5107                                                 }
5108                                         }
5109                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
5110                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
5111                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5112                                                 } else {
5113                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5114                                                 }
5115                                                 if ($space_after) {
5116                                                         $good .= " ";
5117                                                 }
5118                                         }
5119
5120                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
5121                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
5122                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
5123
5124                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
5125                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
5126                                 # unary operator, or a cast
5127                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
5128                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
5129                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
5130                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
5131                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5132                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5133                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
5134                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5135                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5136                                                         }
5137                                                 }
5138                                         }
5139                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
5140                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
5141
5142                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
5143                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5144                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5145                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5146                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5147                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5148                                                         }
5149                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5150                                                 }
5151                                         }
5152
5153                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
5154                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
5155                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
5156                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5157                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5158                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5159                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5160                                                 }
5161                                         }
5162                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
5163                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
5164                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5165                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5166                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5167                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5168                                                 }
5169                                         }
5170                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
5171                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5172                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5173                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5174                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5175                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5176                                                         }
5177                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5178                                                 }
5179                                         }
5180
5181                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
5182                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
5183                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
5184                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
5185                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
5186                                          $op eq '%')
5187                                 {
5188                                         if ($check) {
5189                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
5190                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
5191                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5192                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5193                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5194                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5195                                                         }
5196                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
5197                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
5198                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5199                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5200                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5201                                                         }
5202                                                 }
5203                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
5204                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5205                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5206                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5207                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5208                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5209                                                         }
5210                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5211                                                 }
5212                                         }
5213
5214                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5215                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
5216                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5217                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
5218                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5219                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5220                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5221                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5222                                                 }
5223                                         }
5224
5225                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
5226                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5227                                         my $ok = 0;
5228
5229                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5230                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
5231                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5232                                             ($op eq '>' &&
5233                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5234                                         {
5235                                                 $ok = 1;
5236                                         }
5237
5238                                         # for asm volatile statements
5239                                         # ignore a colon with another
5240                                         # colon immediately before or after
5241                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
5242                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5243                                                 $ok = 1;
5244                                         }
5245
5246                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5247                                         if ($ok == 0) {
5248                                                 my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5249                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5250
5251                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5252                                                                   "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5253                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5254                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5255                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5256                                                         }
5257                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5258                                                 }
5259                                         }
5260                                 }
5261                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5262
5263 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5264
5265                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5266                         }
5267
5268                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5269                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5270                         }
5271
5272                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5273                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5274                         }
5275
5276
5277                 }
5278
5279 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5280                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5281                         if (WARN("SPACING",
5282                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5283                             $fix) {
5284                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5285                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5286                         }
5287                 }
5288
5289 # check for multiple assignments
5290                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5291                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5292                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5293                 }
5294
5295 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5296 ## # continuation.
5297 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5298 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5299 ##
5300 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5301 ##                      # falsely report the parameters of functions.
5302 ##                      my $ln = $line;
5303 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5304 ##                      }
5305 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5306 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5307 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5308 ##                      }
5309 ##              }
5310
5311 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
5312                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5313                     $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5314                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5315                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5316                             $fix) {
5317                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5318                         }
5319                 }
5320
5321 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
5322 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5323 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5324 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
5325 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5326 ##              }
5327 ##
5328
5329 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5330 # on the line
5331                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5332                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5333                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5334                             $fix) {
5335                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5336                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5337                         }
5338                 }
5339
5340 # check spacing on square brackets
5341                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5342                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5343                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5344                             $fix) {
5345                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5346                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
5347                         }
5348                 }
5349                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5350                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5351                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5352                             $fix) {
5353                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5354                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
5355                         }
5356                 }
5357
5358 # check spacing on parentheses
5359                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5360                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5361                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5362                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5363                             $fix) {
5364                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5365                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
5366                         }
5367                 }
5368                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5369                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5370                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5371                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5372                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5373                             $fix) {
5374                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5375                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
5376                         }
5377                 }
5378
5379 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5380 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5381
5382                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5383                         my $var = $1;
5384                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5385                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5386                             $fix) {
5387                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5388                         }
5389                 }
5390
5391 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5392 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5393 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5394                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5395                         my $var = $2;
5396                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5397                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5398                             $fix) {
5399                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5400                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5401                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5402                         }
5403                 }
5404
5405 # check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5406 # when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5407                 if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5408                     $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5409                     $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5410                         my $if_stat = $1;
5411                         my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5412                         my $herectx;
5413                         while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5414                                 my $match = $1;
5415                                 # avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5416                                 next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5417                                 if (!defined($herectx)) {
5418                                         $herectx = $here . "\n";
5419                                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5420                                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5421                                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5422                                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5423                                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5424                                         }
5425                                 }
5426                                 CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5427                                     "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5428                         }
5429                 }
5430
5431 # check that goto labels aren't indented (allow a single space indentation)
5432 # and ignore bitfield definitions like foo:1
5433 # Strictly, labels can have whitespace after the identifier and before the :
5434 # but this is not allowed here as many ?: uses would appear to be labels
5435                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*:(?!\s*\d+)/ &&
5436                     $sline !~ /^. [A-Za-z\d_][A-Za-z\d_]*:/ &&
5437                     $sline !~ /^.\s+default:/) {
5438                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5439                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5440                             $fix) {
5441                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5442                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5443                         }
5444                 }
5445
5446 # check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5447 #       foo = bar(),    /* comma should be semicolon */
5448 #       bar = baz();
5449                 if (defined($stat) &&
5450                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5451                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5452                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5453                         WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5454                              "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5455                 }
5456
5457 # return is not a function
5458                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5459                         my $spacing = $1;
5460                         if ($perl_version_ok &&
5461                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5462                                 my $value = $1;
5463                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
5464                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5465                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5466                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5467                                 }
5468                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5469                                 ERROR("SPACING",
5470                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5471                         }
5472                 }
5473
5474 # unnecessary return in a void function
5475 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5476 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5477                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5478                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5479                     $linenr >= 3 &&
5480                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5481                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5482                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5483                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5484                 }
5485
5486 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5487                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5488                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5489                         my $openparens = $1;
5490                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5491                         my $msg = "";
5492                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5493                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5494                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5495                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5496                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5497                         }
5498                 }
5499
5500 # comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5501 #       avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5502 #       only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5503 #       conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5504                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5505                     $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5506                         my $lead = $1;
5507                         my $const = $2;
5508                         my $comp = $3;
5509                         my $to = $4;
5510                         my $newcomp = $comp;
5511                         if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5512                             $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5513                             WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5514                                  "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5515                             $fix) {
5516                                 if ($comp eq "<") {
5517                                         $newcomp = ">";
5518                                 } elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5519                                         $newcomp = ">=";
5520                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5521                                         $newcomp = "<";
5522                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5523                                         $newcomp = "<=";
5524                                 }
5525                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5526                         }
5527                 }
5528
5529 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5530                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5531                         my $name = $1;
5532                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR' && $name !~ /^EPOLL/) {
5533                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5534                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5535                         }
5536                 }
5537
5538 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5539                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5540                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5541                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5542                             $fix) {
5543                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5544                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5545                         }
5546                 }
5547
5548 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5549 # statements after the conditional.
5550                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5551                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5552                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5553                                         if (!defined $stat);
5554                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5555                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
5556                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5557                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5558
5559                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5560                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
5561                                 # then count those as offsets.
5562                                 my ($whitespace) =
5563                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5564                                 my $offset =
5565                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5566
5567                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5568                                                                 $offset} = 1;
5569                         }
5570                 }
5571                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5572                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5573                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5574                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
5575                         my $fixed_assign_in_if = 0;
5576
5577                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5578                                 if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5579                                           "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5580                                     $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5581                                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5582                                                 my $space = $1;
5583                                                 my $not = $2;
5584                                                 my $statement = $3;
5585                                                 my $assigned = $4;
5586                                                 my $test = $8;
5587                                                 my $against = $9;
5588                                                 my $brace = $15;
5589                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5590                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5591                                                 my $newline = "${space}if (";
5592                                                 $newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5593                                                 $newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5594                                                 $newline .= "$assigned";
5595                                                 $newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5596                                                 $newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5597                                                 $newline .= ')';
5598                                                 $newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5599                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
5600                                                 $fixed_assign_in_if = 1;
5601                                         }
5602                                 }
5603                         }
5604
5605                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5606                         # conditional.
5607                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5608                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5609                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5610                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5611                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5612                         {
5613                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5614                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5615                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5616                                 my $stat_real = '';
5617
5618                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5619                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5620                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5621                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5622                                 }
5623
5624                                 if (ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5625                                           "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real) &&
5626                                     !$fixed_assign_in_if &&
5627                                     $cond_lines == 0 &&
5628                                     $fix && $perl_version_ok &&
5629                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ /^\+(\s*)((?:if|while|for)\s*$balanced_parens)\s*(.*)$/) {
5630                                         my $indent = $1;
5631                                         my $test = $2;
5632                                         my $rest = rtrim($4);
5633                                         if ($rest =~ /;$/) {
5634                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+$indent$test";
5635                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, "$indent\t$rest");
5636                                         }
5637                                 }
5638                         }
5639                 }
5640
5641 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5642                 if ($line =~ /
5643                         (?:
5644                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5645                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5646                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5647                         |
5648                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5649                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5650                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5651                         )/x)
5652                 {
5653                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5654                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5655                 }
5656
5657 # if and else should not have general statements after it
5658                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5659                         my $s = $1;
5660                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5661                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5662                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5663                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5664                         }
5665                 }
5666 # if should not continue a brace
5667                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5668                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5669                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5670                                 $herecurr);
5671                 }
5672 # case and default should not have general statements after them
5673                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5674                     $line !~ /\G(?:
5675                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5676                         \s*return\s+
5677                     )/xg)
5678                 {
5679                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5680                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5681                 }
5682
5683                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5684                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
5685                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5686                     $previndent == $indent) {
5687                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5688                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5689                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5690                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5691                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5692                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5693                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5694                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5695                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5696                                 }
5697                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5698                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5699                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5700                         }
5701                 }
5702
5703                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5704                     $previndent == $indent) {
5705                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5706
5707                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5708                         # conditional.
5709                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5710                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5711
5712                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5713                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5714                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5715                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5716                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5717                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5718                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5719                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
5720                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5721                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
5722                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5723                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5724                                 }
5725                         }
5726                 }
5727
5728 #Specific variable tests
5729                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5730                         my $var = $1;
5731
5732 #CamelCase
5733                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5734                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5735 #Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5736                             $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5737 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
5738                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5739 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5740 #(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5741                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5742 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5743                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5744                                 while ($var =~ m{\b($Ident)}g) {
5745                                         my $word = $1;
5746                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5747                                         if ($check) {
5748                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
5749                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5750                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5751                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5752                                                 }
5753                                         }
5754                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5755                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
5756                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
5757                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5758                                         }
5759                                 }
5760                         }
5761                 }
5762
5763 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
5764                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5765                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5766                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5767                             $fix) {
5768                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5769                         }
5770                 }
5771
5772 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5773 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5774                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5775                         my $file = "$1.h";
5776                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5777                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5778                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5779                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5780                         {
5781                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5782                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
5783                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5784                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5785                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5786                                         } else {
5787                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5788                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5789                                         }
5790                                 }
5791                         }
5792                 }
5793
5794 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5795 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5796 # in a known good container
5797                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5798                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5799                         my $ln = $linenr;
5800                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5801                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5802                         my $ctx = '';
5803                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5804                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5805                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5806                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5807                         $ctx = $dstat;
5808                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5809                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5810
5811                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5812                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5813
5814                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5815                         my $define_args = $1;
5816                         my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5817                         my @def_args = ();
5818
5819                         if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5820                                 $define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5821                                 $define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5822                                 $define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5823                                 @def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5824                         }
5825
5826                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5827                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5828                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5829                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5830
5831                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
5832                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5833                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5834                                $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5835                         {
5836                         }
5837
5838                         # Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5839                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5840                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5841                         {
5842                         }
5843
5844                         # Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5845                         $dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5846
5847                         my $exceptions = qr{
5848                                 $Declare|
5849                                 module_param_named|
5850                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5851                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5852                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5853                                 __typeof__\(|
5854                                 union|
5855                                 struct|
5856                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5857                                 ^\"|\"$|
5858                                 ^\[
5859                         }x;
5860                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5861
5862                         $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5863                         my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5864                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5865
5866                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
5867                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
5868                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
5869                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5870                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
5871                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5872                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
5873                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
5874                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5875                             $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&           # while (...) {...}
5876                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
5877                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
5878                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
5879                             $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&                                                # ({...
5880                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5881                         {
5882                                 if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5883                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5884                                               "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5885                                 } elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5886                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5887                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5888                                 } else {
5889                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5890                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5891                                 }
5892
5893                         }
5894
5895                         # Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5896                         my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5897                         my $first = 1;
5898                         $define_stmt = "";
5899                         foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5900                                 $l =~ s/\\$//;
5901                                 if ($first) {
5902                                         $define_stmt = $l;
5903                                         $first = 0;
5904                                 } elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5905                                         $define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5906                                 }
5907                         }
5908                         $define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5909                         $define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5910                         $define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5911
5912 # check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5913                         foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5914                                 next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5915                                 next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5916                                 my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5917                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5918                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5919                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5920                                 my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5921                                 if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5922                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5923                                             "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5924                                     }
5925 # check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5926                                 if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5927                                     ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5928                                      (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5929                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5930                                             "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5931                                 }
5932                         }
5933
5934 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5935 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5936                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5937                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5938                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5939
5940                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5941                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5942                         }
5943
5944 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5945
5946                 } else {
5947                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5948                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
5949                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
5950                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5951                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5952                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5953                         }
5954                 }
5955
5956 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
5957 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5958 # macro should not end with a semicolon
5959                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5960                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5961                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5962                         my $ln = $linenr;
5963                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5964                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5965                         my $ctx = '';
5966                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5967                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5968                         $ctx = $dstat;
5969
5970                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5971                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5972
5973                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5974                                 my $stmts = $2;
5975                                 my $semis = $3;
5976
5977                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5978                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5979                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5980
5981                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5982                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5983                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5984                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5985                                 }
5986                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
5987                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5988                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
5989                                 }
5990                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
5991                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5992                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5993                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5994
5995                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5996                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
5997                         }
5998                 }
5999
6000 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
6001                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
6002                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6003                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
6004                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
6005                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
6006                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
6007                                 my @allowed = ();
6008                                 my $allow = 0;
6009                                 my $seen = 0;
6010                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6011                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
6012                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
6013                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
6014
6015                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
6016                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
6017                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
6018
6019                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
6020                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
6021
6022                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
6023                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
6024
6025                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
6026                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
6027
6028                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6029
6030                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
6031
6032                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
6033                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6034                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6035                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6036                                         }
6037                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6038                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6039                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6040                                         }
6041                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6042                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6043                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6044                                         }
6045                                         $allow++;
6046                                 }
6047                                 if ($seen) {
6048                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
6049                                         foreach (@allowed) {
6050                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
6051                                         }
6052                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
6053                                                 WARN("BRACES",
6054                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6055                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
6056                                                  $seen != $allow) {
6057                                                 CHK("BRACES",
6058                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6059                                         }
6060                                 }
6061                         }
6062                 }
6063                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
6064                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
6065                         my $allowed = 0;
6066
6067                         # Check the pre-context.
6068                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
6069                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
6070                                 $allowed = 1;
6071                         }
6072
6073                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6074                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
6075
6076                         # Check the condition.
6077                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
6078                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
6079                         if (defined $cond) {
6080                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6081                         }
6082                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6083                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6084                                 $allowed = 1;
6085                         }
6086                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6087                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6088                                 $allowed = 1;
6089                         }
6090                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6091                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6092                                 $allowed = 1;
6093                         }
6094                         # Check the post-context.
6095                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
6096                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
6097                                 if (defined $cond) {
6098                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6099                                 }
6100                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
6101                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
6102                                         $allowed = 1;
6103                                 }
6104                         }
6105                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
6106                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
6107                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6108
6109                                 WARN("BRACES",
6110                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
6111                         }
6112                 }
6113
6114 # check for single line unbalanced braces
6115                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
6116                     $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
6117                         CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
6118                 }
6119
6120 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
6121                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
6122                         if (CHK("BRACES",
6123                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6124                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
6125                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6126                         }
6127                 }
6128                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
6129                         if (CHK("BRACES",
6130                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6131                             $fix) {
6132                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6133                         }
6134                 }
6135
6136 # no volatiles please
6137                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
6138                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
6139                         WARN("VOLATILE",
6140                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6141                 }
6142
6143 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
6144 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
6145 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
6146 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
6147                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
6148                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
6149                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
6150                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
6151                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
6152                                      $fix &&
6153                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
6154                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
6155                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6156                                 my $comma_close = "";
6157                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
6158                                         $comma_close = $1;
6159                                 }
6160
6161                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6162                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6163                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
6164                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
6165                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
6166                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
6167                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
6168                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
6169                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
6170                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
6171                                 }
6172                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
6173                         }
6174                 }
6175
6176 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
6177                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
6178                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
6179                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
6180                 }
6181
6182 # check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
6183 # This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
6184 # context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
6185 # function declarations
6186                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
6187                     defined($context_function) &&
6188                     get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
6189                     length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
6190                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
6191                              "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
6192                 }
6193
6194 # check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
6195 # This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
6196 # 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
6197                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
6198                         if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
6199                                  "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
6200                             $fix) {
6201                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6202                         }
6203                 }
6204
6205 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
6206                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
6207                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
6208                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
6209                             $fix) {
6210                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
6211                         }
6212
6213                 }
6214
6215 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
6216                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ ||
6217                     ($line =~ /([A-Za-z0-9_]+)$String/ && $1 !~ /^[Lu]$/)) {
6218                         if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
6219                                 "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
6220                             $fix) {
6221                                 while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
6222                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6223                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
6224                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
6225                                 }
6226                         }
6227                 }
6228
6229 # uncoalesced string fragments
6230                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*[Lu]?"/) {
6231                         if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
6232                                  "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
6233                             $fix) {
6234                                 while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6235                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6236                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6237                                 }
6238                         }
6239                 }
6240
6241 # check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6242                 my $show_L = 1; #don't show the same defect twice
6243                 my $show_Z = 1;
6244                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6245                         my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6246                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6247                         # check for %L
6248                         if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6249                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
6250                                      "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6251                                 $show_L = 0;
6252                         }
6253                         # check for %Z
6254                         if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6255                                 WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6256                                      "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6257                                 $show_Z = 0;
6258                         }
6259                         # check for 0x<decimal>
6260                         if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6261                                 ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6262                                       "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6263                         }
6264                 }
6265
6266 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6267                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6268                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6269                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6270                 }
6271
6272 # warn about #if 0
6273                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6274                         WARN("IF_0",
6275                              "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6276                 }
6277
6278 # warn about #if 1
6279                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6280                         WARN("IF_1",
6281                              "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6282                 }
6283
6284 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6285                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6286                         my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6287                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6288                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6289                                 my $func = $1;
6290                                 if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6291                                          "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6292                                     $fix) {
6293                                         my $do_fix = 1;
6294                                         my $leading_tabs = "";
6295                                         my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6296                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6297                                                 $leading_tabs = $1;
6298                                         } else {
6299                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6300                                         }
6301                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6302                                                 $new_leading_tabs = $1;
6303                                                 if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6304                                                         $do_fix = 0;
6305                                                 }
6306                                         } else {
6307                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6308                                         }
6309                                         if ($do_fix) {
6310                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6311                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6312                                         }
6313                                 }
6314                         }
6315                 }
6316
6317 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6318                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6319                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6320                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6321                     $linenr > 3) {
6322                         my $testval = $2;
6323                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6324
6325                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6326 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6327
6328                         if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6329                             $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6330                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6331                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6332                         }
6333                 }
6334
6335 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6336                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6337                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6338                         my $level = $1;
6339                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6340                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6341                             $fix) {
6342                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6343                         }
6344                 }
6345
6346 # check for logging continuations
6347                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6348                         WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6349                              "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6350                 }
6351
6352 # check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6353                 if (defined $stat &&
6354                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6355                     index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6356                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6357                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6358                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6359                         pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6360                         while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6361                                 my $pspec = $1;
6362                                 my $h = $2;
6363                                 my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6364                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6365                                          "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6366                                     $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6367                                         my $nspec = $pspec;
6368                                         $nspec =~ s/h//g;
6369                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6370                                 }
6371                         }
6372                 }
6373
6374 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6375                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6376                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6377                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6378                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6379                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6380                 }
6381
6382 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6383                 if ($perl_version_ok) {
6384                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6385                                 my $val = $1;
6386                                 my $equal = "!";
6387                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6388                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6389                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6390                                             $fix) {
6391                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6392                                 }
6393                         }
6394                 }
6395
6396 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6397                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6398                         my $attr = $1;
6399                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6400                                 my $ptr = $1;
6401                                 my $var = $2;
6402                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6403                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6404                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6405                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6406                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6407                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6408                                     $fix) {
6409                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6410                                 }
6411                         }
6412                 }
6413
6414 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6415                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6416                         my $attr = $1;
6417                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6418                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
6419                         my $attr_type = $2;
6420                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6421                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6422                             $fix) {
6423                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6424                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6425                         }
6426                 }
6427
6428 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6429                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6430                         my $attr = $1;
6431                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6432                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6433                             $fix) {
6434                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6435                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6436                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
6437                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6438                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
6439                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6440                         }
6441                 }
6442
6443 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6444                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6445                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6446                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6447                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6448                             $fix) {
6449                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6450                         }
6451                 }
6452
6453 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6454                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6455                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6456                         my $constant_func = $1;
6457                         my $func = $constant_func;
6458                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6459                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6460                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6461                             $fix) {
6462                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6463                         }
6464                 }
6465
6466 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
6467                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6468                         my $delay = $1;
6469                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
6470                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6471                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6472                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6473                         }
6474                         if ($delay > 2000) {
6475                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6476                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
6477                         }
6478                 }
6479
6480 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6481                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6482                         if ($1 < 20) {
6483                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
6484                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6485                         }
6486                 }
6487
6488 # check for comparisons of jiffies
6489                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6490                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6491                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6492                 }
6493
6494 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6495                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6496                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6497                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6498                 }
6499
6500 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
6501 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6502 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6503 #                       print "$herecurr";
6504 #                       $clean = 0;
6505 #               }
6506
6507 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6508                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6509                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
6510                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6511                             $fix) {
6512                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6513                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6514                         }
6515
6516                 }
6517
6518 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6519                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6520                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6521                         my $which = $1;
6522                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6523                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6524                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6525                         }
6526                 }
6527 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
6528
6529                 my $barriers = qr{
6530                         mb|
6531                         rmb|
6532                         wmb
6533                 }x;
6534                 my $barrier_stems = qr{
6535                         mb__before_atomic|
6536                         mb__after_atomic|
6537                         store_release|
6538                         load_acquire|
6539                         store_mb|
6540                         (?:$barriers)
6541                 }x;
6542                 my $all_barriers = qr{
6543                         (?:$barriers)|
6544                         smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6545                         virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6546                 }x;
6547
6548                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6549                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6550                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6551                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6552                         }
6553                 }
6554
6555                 my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6556
6557                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6558                     $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6559                     $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6560                     $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6561                         WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6562                              "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6563                 }
6564
6565 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6566                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6567                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6568                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6569                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6570                         }
6571                 }
6572
6573 # check for data_race without a comment.
6574                 if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6575                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6576                                 WARN("DATA_RACE",
6577                                      "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6578                         }
6579                 }
6580
6581 # check of hardware specific defines
6582                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6583                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6584                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6585                 }
6586
6587 # check that the storage class is not after a type
6588                 if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6589                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6590                              "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6591                 }
6592 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6593                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6594                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6595                     $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6596                     $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6597                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6598                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6599                 }
6600
6601 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6602 # storage class and type.
6603                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6604                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6605                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6606                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6607                 }
6608
6609 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6610                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6611                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6612                         if (WARN("INLINE",
6613                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6614                             $fix) {
6615                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6616
6617                         }
6618                 }
6619
6620 # Check for compiler attributes
6621                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6622                     $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6623                         my $attr = $1;
6624                         $attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6625
6626                         my %attr_list = (
6627                                 "alias"                         => "__alias",
6628                                 "aligned"                       => "__aligned",
6629                                 "always_inline"                 => "__always_inline",
6630                                 "assume_aligned"                => "__assume_aligned",
6631                                 "cold"                          => "__cold",
6632                                 "const"                         => "__attribute_const__",
6633                                 "copy"                          => "__copy",
6634                                 "designated_init"               => "__designated_init",
6635                                 "externally_visible"            => "__visible",
6636                                 "format"                        => "printf|scanf",
6637                                 "gnu_inline"                    => "__gnu_inline",
6638                                 "malloc"                        => "__malloc",
6639                                 "mode"                          => "__mode",
6640                                 "no_caller_saved_registers"     => "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6641                                 "noclone"                       => "__noclone",
6642                                 "noinline"                      => "noinline",
6643                                 "nonstring"                     => "__nonstring",
6644                                 "noreturn"                      => "__noreturn",
6645                                 "packed"                        => "__packed",
6646                                 "pure"                          => "__pure",
6647                                 "section"                       => "__section",
6648                                 "used"                          => "__used",
6649                                 "weak"                          => "__weak"
6650                         );
6651
6652                         while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6653                                 my $orig_attr = $1;
6654                                 my $params = '';
6655                                 $params = $2 if defined($2);
6656                                 my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6657                                 $curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6658                                 if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6659                                         my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6660                                         if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6661                                                 $params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6662                                                 $new = "__$1\($2";
6663                                         } else {
6664                                                 $new = "$new$params";
6665                                         }
6666                                         if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6667                                                  "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6668                                             $fix) {
6669                                                 my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6670                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6671                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6672                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6673                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6674                                         }
6675                                 }
6676                         }
6677
6678                         # Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6679                         if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6680                                 WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6681                                      "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6682                         }
6683                 }
6684
6685 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6686                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6687                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6688                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6689                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6690                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6691                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6692                 }
6693
6694 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6695                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6696                     $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6697                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6698                         my $type = $1;
6699                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6700                                 $type = $1;
6701                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
6702                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6703                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
6704                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
6705                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6706                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6707                                     $fix) {
6708                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6709                                 }
6710                         }
6711                 }
6712
6713 # check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6714                 if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6715                         my $cast = $1;
6716                         my $const = $2;
6717                         my $suffix = "";
6718                         my $newconst = $const;
6719                         $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6720                         $suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6721                         if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6722                             $suffix .= 'LL';
6723                         } elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6724                             $suffix .= 'L';
6725                         }
6726                         if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6727                                  "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6728                             $fix) {
6729                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6730                         }
6731                 }
6732
6733 # check for sizeof(&)
6734                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6735                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6736                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6737                 }
6738
6739 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
6740                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6741                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6742                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6743                             $fix) {
6744                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6745                         }
6746                 }
6747
6748 # check for struct spinlock declarations
6749                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6750                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6751                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6752                 }
6753
6754 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6755                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6756                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6757                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6758                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6759                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6760                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6761                                     $fix) {
6762                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6763                                 }
6764                         }
6765                 }
6766
6767 # check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6768                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6769                     defined $stat &&
6770                     $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6771                     $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6772                         my $stat_real;
6773
6774                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6775                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6776                         for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6777                                 my $specifier;
6778                                 my $extension;
6779                                 my $qualifier;
6780                                 my $bad_specifier = "";
6781                                 my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6782                                 $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6783
6784                                 while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6785                                         $specifier = $1;
6786                                         $extension = $2;
6787                                         $qualifier = $3;
6788                                         if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6789                                             ($extension eq "f" &&
6790                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
6791                                             ($extension eq "4" &&
6792                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
6793                                                 $bad_specifier = $specifier;
6794                                                 last;
6795                                         }
6796                                         if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6797                                                 if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6798                                                         $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6799                                                 }
6800                                                 WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6801                                                      "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6802                                         }
6803                                 }
6804                                 if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6805                                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6806                                         my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6807                                         my $use = "";
6808                                         if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6809                                                 $use = " - use %pS instead";
6810                                                 $use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6811                                         }
6812
6813                                         WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6814                                              "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6815                                 }
6816                         }
6817                 }
6818
6819 # Check for misused memsets
6820                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6821                     defined $stat &&
6822                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6823
6824                         my $ms_addr = $2;
6825                         my $ms_val = $7;
6826                         my $ms_size = $12;
6827
6828                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6829                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
6830                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6831                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6832                                 WARN("MEMSET",
6833                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6834                         }
6835                 }
6836
6837 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6838 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6839 #                   defined $stat &&
6840 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6841 #                       if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6842 #                                "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6843 #                           $fix) {
6844 #                               $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6845 #                       }
6846 #               }
6847
6848 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6849 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6850 #                   defined $stat &&
6851 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6852 #                       WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6853 #                            "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6854 #               }
6855
6856 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6857 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6858 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6859 #                   defined $stat &&
6860 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6861 #
6862 #                       my $ms_val = $7;
6863 #
6864 #                       if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6865 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6866 #                                        "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6867 #                                   $fix) {
6868 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6869 #                               }
6870 #                       } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6871 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6872 #                                        "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6873 #                                   $fix) {
6874 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6875 #                               }
6876 #                       }
6877 #               }
6878
6879 # strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
6880                 if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
6881                         WARN("STRLCPY",
6882                              "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wgfRnXz0W3D37d01q3JFkr_i_uTL=V6A6G1oUZcprmknw\@mail.gmail.com/\n" . $herecurr);
6883                 }
6884
6885 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6886                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6887                     defined $stat &&
6888                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6889                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6890                                 my $call = $1;
6891                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6892                                 my $arg1 = $3;
6893                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6894                                 my $arg2 = $8;
6895                                 my $cast;
6896
6897                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6898                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6899                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6900                                         $cast = $cast1;
6901                                 } else {
6902                                         $cast = $cast2;
6903                                 }
6904                                 WARN("MINMAX",
6905                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6906                         }
6907                 }
6908
6909 # check usleep_range arguments
6910                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6911                     defined $stat &&
6912                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6913                         my $min = $1;
6914                         my $max = $7;
6915                         if ($min eq $max) {
6916                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6917                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6918                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6919                                  $min > $max) {
6920                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6921                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6922                         }
6923                 }
6924
6925 # check for naked sscanf
6926                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6927                     defined $stat &&
6928                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6929                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6930                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6931                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6932                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6933                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6934                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6935                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6936                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6937                 }
6938
6939 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6940                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6941                     defined $stat &&
6942                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6943                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6944                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6945                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6946                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6947                                 my $format = $6;
6948                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6949                                 if ($count == 1 &&
6950                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6951                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6952                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6953                                 }
6954                         }
6955                 }
6956
6957 # check for new externs in .h files.
6958                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6959                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6960                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6961                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6962                             $fix) {
6963                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6964                         }
6965                 }
6966
6967 # check for new externs in .c files.
6968                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6969                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6970                 {
6971                         my $function_name = $1;
6972                         my $paren_space = $2;
6973
6974                         my $s = $stat;
6975                         if (defined $cond) {
6976                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6977                         }
6978                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
6979                         {
6980                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6981                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6982                         }
6983
6984                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6985                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6986                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
6987                         }
6988
6989                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6990                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
6991                 {
6992                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6993                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6994                 }
6995
6996 # check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
6997                 if (defined $stat &&
6998                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
6999                     $1 ne "void") {
7000                         my $args = trim($1);
7001                         while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
7002                                 my $arg = trim($1);
7003                                 if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
7004                                         WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7005                                              "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
7006                                 }
7007                         }
7008                 }
7009
7010 # check for function definitions
7011                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7012                     defined $stat &&
7013                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
7014                         $context_function = $1;
7015
7016 # check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
7017                         my $ok = 0;
7018                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7019                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
7020                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
7021                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
7022                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
7023                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
7024                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
7025                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
7026                         }
7027                         if (!$ok) {
7028                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
7029                                       "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
7030                         }
7031                 }
7032
7033 # checks for new __setup's
7034                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
7035                         my $name = $1;
7036
7037                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
7038                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
7039                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
7040                         }
7041                 }
7042
7043 # check for pointless casting of alloc functions
7044                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
7045                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
7046                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
7047                 }
7048
7049 # alloc style
7050 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
7051                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7052                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
7053                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
7054                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
7055                 }
7056
7057 # check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kvmalloc_array/kvcalloc/kcalloc
7058                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7059                     defined $stat &&
7060                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
7061                         my $oldfunc = $3;
7062                         my $a1 = $4;
7063                         my $a2 = $10;
7064                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
7065                         $newfunc = "kvmalloc_array" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
7066                         $newfunc = "kvcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
7067                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
7068                         my $r1 = $a1;
7069                         my $r2 = $a2;
7070                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
7071                                 $r1 = $a2;
7072                                 $r2 = $a1;
7073                         }
7074                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
7075                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
7076                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7077                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7078
7079                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
7080                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
7081                                     $cnt == 1 &&
7082                                     $fix) {
7083                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
7084                                 }
7085                         }
7086                 }
7087
7088 # check for krealloc arg reuse
7089                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7090                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
7091                     $1 eq $3) {
7092                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
7093                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
7094                 }
7095
7096 # check for alloc argument mismatch
7097                 if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?(?:kcalloc|kmalloc_array))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
7098                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
7099                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
7100                 }
7101
7102 # check for multiple semicolons
7103                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
7104                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
7105                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
7106                             $fix) {
7107                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
7108                         }
7109                 }
7110
7111 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
7112                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
7113                     $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
7114                         my $ull = "";
7115                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
7116                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
7117                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
7118                             $fix) {
7119                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
7120                         }
7121                 }
7122
7123 # check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
7124                 if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
7125                         WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
7126                              "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
7127                 }
7128
7129 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
7130                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
7131                         my $config = $1;
7132                         if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
7133                                  "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
7134                             $fix) {
7135                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
7136                         }
7137                 }
7138
7139 # check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
7140                 my @fallthroughs = (
7141                         'fallthrough',
7142                         '@fallthrough@',
7143                         'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
7144                         'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
7145                         '(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7146                         'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7147                         'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7148                     );
7149                 if ($raw_comment ne '') {
7150                         foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
7151                                 if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
7152                                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
7153                                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
7154                                         &{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
7155                                                       "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
7156                                         last;
7157                                 }
7158                         }
7159                 }
7160
7161 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
7162                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7163                     defined $stat &&
7164                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
7165                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7166                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7167
7168                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
7169                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
7170                 }
7171
7172 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
7173                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
7174                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
7175                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
7176                             $fix) {
7177                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
7178                         }
7179                 }
7180
7181 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
7182                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
7183                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
7184                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
7185                 }
7186
7187 # check for use of yield()
7188                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
7189                         WARN("YIELD",
7190                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
7191                 }
7192
7193 # check for comparisons against true and false
7194                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
7195                         my $lead = $1;
7196                         my $arg = $2;
7197                         my $test = $3;
7198                         my $otype = $4;
7199                         my $trail = $5;
7200                         my $op = "!";
7201
7202                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
7203
7204                         my $type = lc($otype);
7205                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
7206                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
7207                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
7208                                         $op = "";
7209                                 }
7210
7211                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
7212                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
7213
7214 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
7215 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
7216
7217                         }
7218                 }
7219
7220 # check for semaphores initialized locked
7221                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
7222                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
7223                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
7224                 }
7225
7226 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
7227                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
7228                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
7229                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
7230                 }
7231
7232 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
7233                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
7234                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
7235                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
7236                 }
7237
7238 # check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7239                 if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7240                         WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7241                              "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7242                 }
7243
7244 # check for deprecated apis
7245                 if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7246                         my $deprecated_api = $1;
7247                         my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7248                         WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7249                              "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7250                 }
7251
7252 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7253 # and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7254                 if (defined($const_structs) &&
7255                     $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7256                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7257                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7258                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7259                 }
7260
7261 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7262 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7263 # ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
7264                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7265                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7266                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7267                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7268                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7269                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
7270                     $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
7271                 {
7272                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
7273                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7274                 }
7275
7276 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7277                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7278                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7279                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7280                 }
7281
7282 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7283                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7284                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7285                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7286                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7287                 }
7288
7289 # return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
7290                 if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
7291                     substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
7292                         my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
7293                         if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
7294                                  "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
7295                             $fix) {
7296                                 substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
7297                         }
7298                 }
7299
7300 # nested likely/unlikely calls
7301                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7302                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7303                              "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7304                 }
7305
7306 # whine mightly about in_atomic
7307                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7308                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7309                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7310                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7311                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7312                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7313                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7314                         }
7315                 }
7316
7317 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7318                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7319                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7320                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7321                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7322                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7323                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7324                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7325                         }
7326                 }
7327
7328                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7329                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7330                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7331                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7332                 }
7333
7334 # check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7335 # and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7336 # DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7337                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7338                     defined $stat &&
7339                     $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7340                         my $var = $1;
7341                         my $perms = $2;
7342                         my $show = $3;
7343                         my $store = $4;
7344                         my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7345                         if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7346                             $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7347                             $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7348                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7349                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7350                                     $fix) {
7351                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7352                                 }
7353                         } elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7354                                  $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7355                                  $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7356                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7357                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7358                                     $fix) {
7359                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7360                                 }
7361                         } elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7362                                  $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7363                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7364                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7365                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7366                                     $fix) {
7367                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7368                                 }
7369                         } elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7370                                  $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7371                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7372                                 my $newshow = "$show";
7373                                 $newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7374                                 my $newstore = $store;
7375                                 $newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7376                                 my $rename = "";
7377                                 if ($show ne $newshow) {
7378                                         $rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7379                                 }
7380                                 if ($store ne $newstore) {
7381                                         $rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7382                                 }
7383                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7384                                      "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7385                         } else {
7386                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7387                                      "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7388                         }
7389                 }
7390
7391 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7392 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7393 # o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7394 #   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7395 # o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7396 #   use the default permissions
7397                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7398                     defined $stat &&
7399                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7400                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7401                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
7402                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7403
7404                                 my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7405                                 $lc = $lc + $linenr;
7406                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7407
7408                                 my $skip_args = "";
7409                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7410                                         $arg_pos--;
7411                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7412                                 }
7413                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7414                                 if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7415                                         my $val = $1;
7416                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7417                                         if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7418                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7419                                              ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7420                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7421                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7422                                         }
7423                                         if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7424                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7425                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7426                                         }
7427                                 }
7428                         }
7429                 }
7430
7431 # check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7432                 while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7433                         my $oval = $1;
7434                         my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7435                         if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7436                                  "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7437                             $fix) {
7438                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7439                         }
7440                 }
7441
7442 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7443                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7444                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7445                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
7446                                                 GPL|
7447                                                 GPL\ v2|
7448                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7449                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7450                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7451                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7452                                                 Proprietary
7453                                         }x;
7454                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7455                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7456                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
7457                         }
7458                         if (!$file && $extracted_string eq '"GPL v2"') {
7459                                 if (WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7460                                      "Prefer \"GPL\" over \"GPL v2\" - see commit bf7fbeeae6db (\"module: Cure the MODULE_LICENSE \"GPL\" vs. \"GPL v2\" bogosity\")\n" . $herecurr) &&
7461                                     $fix) {
7462                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*"GPL v2"\s*\)/MODULE_LICENSE("GPL")/;
7463                                 }
7464                         }
7465                 }
7466
7467 # check for sysctl duplicate constants
7468                 if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7469                         WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7470                                 "duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7471                 }
7472         }
7473
7474         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7475         # so just keep quiet.
7476         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7477                 exit(0);
7478         }
7479
7480         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7481         # things that appear to be patches.
7482         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7483                 exit(0);
7484         }
7485
7486         # This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7487         # just keep quiet.
7488         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7489                 exit(0);
7490         }
7491
7492         if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7493                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7494                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
7495         }
7496         if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7497                 if ($signoff == 0) {
7498                         ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7499                               "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7500                 } elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7501                         # authorsignoff values:
7502                         # 0 -> missing sign off
7503                         # 1 -> sign off identical
7504                         # 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7505                         # 3 -> addresses match, names different
7506                         # 4 -> names match, addresses different
7507                         # 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7508
7509                         my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7510
7511                         if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7512                                 ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7513                                       "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7514                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7515                                 CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7516                                     "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7517                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7518                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7519                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7520                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7521                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7522                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7523                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7524                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7525                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7526                         }
7527                 }
7528         }
7529
7530         print report_dump();
7531         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7532                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7533                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7534                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7535                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7536         }
7537
7538         if ($quiet == 0) {
7539                 # If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7540                 if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7541                         print << "EOM"
7542
7543 NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7544       mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7545 EOM
7546                 }
7547                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7548                 # then suggest that.
7549                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7550                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
7551                         print << "EOM"
7552
7553 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7554       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7555 EOM
7556                 }
7557         }
7558
7559         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7560             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7561              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7562                 my $newfile = $filename;
7563                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7564                 my $linecount = 0;
7565                 my $f;
7566
7567                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7568
7569                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
7570                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7571                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7572                         $linecount++;
7573                         if ($file) {
7574                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
7575                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7576                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7577                                 }
7578                         } else {
7579                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7580                         }
7581                 }
7582                 close($f);
7583
7584                 if (!$quiet) {
7585                         print << "EOM";
7586
7587 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7588
7589 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7590 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7591
7592 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7593 No warranties, expressed or implied...
7594 EOM
7595                 }
7596         }
7597
7598         if ($quiet == 0) {
7599                 print "\n";
7600                 if ($clean == 1) {
7601                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7602                 } else {
7603                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7604                 }
7605         }
7606         return $clean;
7607 }