tools/scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/env perl
   2 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3 #
   4 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8 # (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10 use strict;
  11 use warnings;
  12 use POSIX;
  13 use File::Basename;
  14 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16 use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18 my $P = $0;
  19 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21 my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25 # ATTENTION: easily track modification to this script for OpenOCD.
  26 # When possible, don't modify the existing code, don't change its indentation,
  27 # but remove it enclosing it within:
  28 #
  29 # if (!$OpenOCD) {
  30 # original_code;
  31 # } # !$OpenOCD
  32 #
  33 # Mark every addition within comments
  34 # # OpenOCD specific: Begin[: additional comment]
  35 # # OpenOCD specific: End
  36 my $OpenOCD = 1;
  37
  38 my $quiet = 0;
  39 my $verbose = 0;
  40 my %verbose_messages = ();
  41 my %verbose_emitted = ();
  42 my $tree = 1;
  43 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  44 my $chk_patch = 1;
  45 my $tst_only;
  46 my $emacs = 0;
  47 my $terse = 0;
  48 my $showfile = 0;
  49 my $file = 0;
  50 my $git = 0;
  51 my %git_commits = ();
  52 my $check = 0;
  53 my $check_orig = 0;
  54 my $summary = 1;
  55 my $mailback = 0;
  56 my $summary_file = 0;
  57 my $show_types = 0;
  58 my $list_types = 0;
  59 my $fix = 0;
  60 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  61 my $root;
  62 my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  63 $gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  64 my %debug;
  65 my %camelcase = ();
  66 my %use_type = ();
  67 my @use = ();
  68 my %ignore_type = ();
  69 my @ignore = ();
  70 my $help = 0;
  71 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  72 my $max_line_length = 100;
  73 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  74 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  75 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  76 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  77 my $codespell = 0;
  78 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  79 my $user_codespellfile = "";
  80 my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  81 my $docsfile = "$D/../Documentation/dev-tools/checkpatch.rst";
  82 my $typedefsfile;
  83 my $color = "auto";
  84 my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  85 # git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  86 my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  87 my $tabsize = 8;
  88 my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  89
  90 sub help {
  91         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  92
  93         print << "EOM";
  94 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  95 Version: $V
  96
  97 Options:
  98   -q, --quiet                quiet
  99   -v, --verbose              verbose mode
 100   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
 101   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
 102   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
 103   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
 104   --terse                    one line per report
 105   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
 106   -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
 107                              single git commit with:
 108                                <rev>
 109                                <rev>^
 110                                <rev>~n
 111                              multiple git commits with:
 112                                <rev1>..<rev2>
 113                                <rev1>...<rev2>
 114                                <rev>-<count>
 115                              git merges are ignored
 116   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
 117   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
 118   --list-types               list the possible message types
 119   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 120   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 121   --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 122   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 123                              if exceeded, warn on patches
 124                              requires --strict for use with --file
 125   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 126   --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 127   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 128   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 129   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 130   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 131   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 132                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 133                              is all off)
 134   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 135                              literally
 136   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 137                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 138                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 139                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 140                              checkpatch style
 141   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 142                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 143                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 144   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 145                              runtime errors.
 146   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 147                              (default:$codespellfile)
 148   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 149   --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 150   --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 151                              is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 152   --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 153                              ${CONFIG_})
 154   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 155
 156 When FILE is - read standard input.
 157 EOM
 158
 159         exit($exitcode);
 160 }
 161
 162 sub uniq {
 163         my %seen;
 164         return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 165 }
 166
 167 sub list_types {
 168         my ($exitcode) = @_;
 169
 170         my $count = 0;
 171
 172         local $/ = undef;
 173
 174         open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 175             die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 176
 177         my $text = <$script>;
 178         close($script);
 179
 180         my %types = ();
 181         # Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 182         while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 183                 if (defined($1)) {
 184                         if (exists($types{$2})) {
 185                                 $types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
 186                         } else {
 187                                 $types{$2} = $1;
 188                         }
 189                 } else {
 190                         $types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
 191                 }
 192         }
 193
 194         print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 195         if ($color) {
 196                 print(" ( Color coding: ");
 197                 print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
 198                 print(" | ");
 199                 print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
 200                 print(" | ");
 201                 print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
 202                 print(" | ");
 203                 print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
 204                 print(" )\n\n");
 205         }
 206
 207         foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
 208                 my $orig_type = $type;
 209                 if ($color) {
 210                         my $level = $types{$type};
 211                         if ($level eq "ERROR") {
 212                                 $type = RED . $type . RESET;
 213                         } elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
 214                                 $type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
 215                         } elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
 216                                 $type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
 217                         }
 218                 }
 219                 print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 220                 if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
 221                         my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
 222                         $message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
 223                         print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
 224                 }
 225         }
 226
 227         exit($exitcode);
 228 }
 229
 230 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 231 if (-f $conf) {
 232         my @conf_args;
 233         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 234             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 235
 236         while (<$conffile>) {
 237                 my $line = $_;
 238
 239                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 240                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 241                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 242
 243                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 244                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 245
 246                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 247                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 248                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 249                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 250                 }
 251         }
 252         close($conffile);
 253         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 254 }
 255
 256 sub load_docs {
 257         open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
 258             or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
 259
 260         my $type = '';
 261         my $desc = '';
 262         my $in_desc = 0;
 263
 264         while (<$docs>) {
 265                 chomp;
 266                 my $line = $_;
 267                 $line =~ s/\s+$//;
 268
 269                 if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
 270                         if ($desc ne '') {
 271                                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 272                         }
 273                         $type = $1;
 274                         $desc = '';
 275                         $in_desc = 1;
 276                 } elsif ($in_desc) {
 277                         if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
 278                                 $line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
 279                                 $desc .= $line;
 280                                 $desc .= "\n";
 281                         } else {
 282                                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 283                                 $type = '';
 284                                 $desc = '';
 285                                 $in_desc = 0;
 286                         }
 287                 }
 288         }
 289
 290         if ($desc ne '') {
 291                 $verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 292         }
 293         close($docs);
 294 }
 295
 296 # Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 297 # Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 298 foreach (@ARGV) {
 299         if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 300                 $_ = "--color=$color";
 301         }
 302 }
 303
 304 GetOptions(
 305         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 306         'v|verbose!'    => \$verbose,
 307         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 308         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 309         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 310         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 311         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 312         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 313         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 314         'g|git!'        => \$git,
 315         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 316         'strict!'       => \$check,
 317         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 318         'types=s'       => \@use,
 319         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 320         'list-types!'   => \$list_types,
 321         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 322         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 323         'tab-size=i'    => \$tabsize,
 324         'root=s'        => \$root,
 325         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 326         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 327         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 328         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 329         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 330         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 331         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 332         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 333         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 334         'codespellfile=s'       => \$user_codespellfile,
 335         'typedefsfile=s'        => \$typedefsfile,
 336         'color=s'       => \$color,
 337         'no-color'      => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 338         'nocolor'       => \$color,     #keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 339         'kconfig-prefix=s'      => \${CONFIG_},
 340         'h|help'        => \$help,
 341         'version'       => \$help
 342 ) or $help = 2;
 343
 344 if ($user_codespellfile) {
 345         # Use the user provided codespell file unconditionally
 346         $codespellfile = $user_codespellfile;
 347 } elsif (!(-f $codespellfile)) {
 348         # If /usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt is not present, try to find it
 349         # under codespell's install directory: <codespell_root>/data/dictionary.txt
 350         if (($codespell || $help) && which("python3") ne "") {
 351                 my $python_codespell_dict = << "EOF";
 352
 353 import os.path as op
 354 import codespell_lib
 355 codespell_dir = op.dirname(codespell_lib.__file__)
 356 codespell_file = op.join(codespell_dir, 'data', 'dictionary.txt')
 357 print(codespell_file, end='')
 358 EOF
 359
 360                 my $codespell_dict = `python3 -c "$python_codespell_dict" 2> /dev/null`;
 361                 $codespellfile = $codespell_dict if (-f $codespell_dict);
 362         }
 363 }
 364
 365 # $help is 1 if either -h, --help or --version is passed as option - exitcode: 0
 366 # $help is 2 if invalid option is passed - exitcode: 1
 367 help($help - 1) if ($help);
 368
 369 die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 370 die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
 371
 372 if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 373         $color = !$color;
 374 } elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 375         $color = 1;
 376 } elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 377         $color = 0;
 378 } elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 379         $color = (-t STDOUT);
 380 } else {
 381         die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 382 }
 383
 384 load_docs() if ($verbose);
 385 list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 386
 387 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 388 $check_orig = $check;
 389
 390 my $exit = 0;
 391
 392 my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 393 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 394         $perl_version_ok = 0;
 395         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 396         exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 397 }
 398
 399 #if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 400 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 401         push(@ARGV, '-');
 402 }
 403
 404 # skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 405 die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 406
 407 sub hash_save_array_words {
 408         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 409
 410         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 411         foreach my $word (@array) {
 412                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 413                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 414                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 415                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 416
 417                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 418                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 419
 420                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 421         }
 422 }
 423
 424 sub hash_show_words {
 425         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 426
 427         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 428                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 429                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 430                         print " $word";
 431                 }
 432                 print "\n";
 433         }
 434 }
 435
 436 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 437 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 438
 439 my $dbg_values = 0;
 440 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 441 my $dbg_type = 0;
 442 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 443 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 444         ## no critic
 445         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 446         die "$@" if ($@);
 447 }
 448
 449 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 450
 451 if ($terse) {
 452         $emacs = 1;
 453         $quiet++;
 454 }
 455
 456 if ($tree) {
 457         if (defined $root) {
 458                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 459                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 460                 }
 461         } else {
 462                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 463                         $root = '.';
 464                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 465                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 466                         $root = $1;
 467                 }
 468         }
 469
 470         if (!defined $root) {
 471                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 472                 exit(2);
 473         }
 474 }
 475
 476 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 477
 478 our $Ident      = qr{
 479                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 480                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 481                 }x;
 482 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 483 our $Sparse     = qr{
 484                         __user|
 485                         __kernel|
 486                         __force|
 487                         __iomem|
 488                         __must_check|
 489                         __kprobes|
 490                         __ref|
 491                         __refconst|
 492                         __refdata|
 493                         __rcu|
 494                         __private
 495                 }x;
 496 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 497 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 498 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 499 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 500 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 501
 502 # Notes to $Attribute:
 503 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 504 our $Attribute  = qr{
 505                         const|
 506                         volatile|
 507                         __percpu|
 508                         __nocast|
 509                         __safe|
 510                         __bitwise|
 511                         __packed__|
 512                         __packed2__|
 513                         __naked|
 514                         __maybe_unused|
 515                         __always_unused|
 516                         __noreturn|
 517                         __used|
 518                         __cold|
 519                         __pure|
 520                         __noclone|
 521                         __deprecated|
 522                         __read_mostly|
 523                         __ro_after_init|
 524                         __kprobes|
 525                         $InitAttribute|
 526                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 527                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 528                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 529                         __weak|
 530                         __alloc_size\s*\(\s*\d+\s*(?:,\s*\d+\s*)?\)
 531                   }x;
 532 our $Modifier;
 533 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 534 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 535 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 536
 537 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 538 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 539 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 540 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 541 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 542 our $String     = qr{(?:\b[Lu])?"[X\t]*"};
 543 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 544 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 545 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 546 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 547 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 548 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 549 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 550 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 551 our $Operators  = qr{
 552                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 553                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 554                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 555                   }x;
 556
 557 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 558
 559 our $BasicType;
 560 our $NonptrType;
 561 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 562 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 563 our $Type;
 564 our $TypeMisordered;
 565 our $Declare;
 566 our $DeclareMisordered;
 567
 568 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 569         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 570         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 571         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 572         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 573         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 574         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 575         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 576 }x;
 577
 578 our $UTF8       = qr{
 579         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 580         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 581 }x;
 582
 583 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 584 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 585         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 586         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 587 )};
 588 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 589         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 590         atomic_t
 591 )};
 592 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 593         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 594         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 595         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 596 )};
 597
 598 our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 599
 600 if (!$OpenOCD) {
 601 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 602         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 603         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 604         TP_printk|
 605         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 606         panic|
 607         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 608         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 609 )};
 610 } # !$OpenOCD
 611 # OpenOCD specific: Begin: list log functions
 612 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 613         LOG_(?:TARGET_|)(?:DEBUG_IO|DEBUG|INFO|WARNING|ERROR|USER|USER_N|OUTPUT)
 614 )};
 615 # OpenOCD specific: End
 616
 617 our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 618         (?:(?:devm_)?
 619                 (?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 620                 kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 621                 kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 622         (?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 623                                 # dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 624         dma_alloc_coherent
 625 )};
 626
 627 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 628         Signed-off-by:|
 629         Co-developed-by:|
 630         Acked-by:|
 631         Tested-by:|
 632         Reviewed-by:|
 633         Reported-by:|
 634         Suggested-by:|
 635         To:|
 636         Cc:
 637 )};
 638
 639 our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
 640         [=-]*> |
 641         <[=-]* |
 642         \[ |
 643         \] |
 644         start |
 645         called |
 646         entered |
 647         entry |
 648         enter |
 649         in |
 650         inside |
 651         here |
 652         begin |
 653         exit |
 654         end |
 655         done |
 656         leave |
 657         completed |
 658         out |
 659         return |
 660         [\.\!:\s]*
 661 )};
 662
 663 sub edit_distance_min {
 664         my (@arr) = @_;
 665         my $len = scalar @arr;
 666         if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 667                 # if underflow, return
 668                 return;
 669         }
 670         my $min = $arr[0];
 671         for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 672                 if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 673                         $min = $arr[$i];
 674                 }
 675         }
 676         return $min;
 677 }
 678
 679 sub get_edit_distance {
 680         my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 681         $str1 = lc($str1);
 682         $str2 = lc($str2);
 683         $str1 =~ s/-//g;
 684         $str2 =~ s/-//g;
 685         my $len1 = length($str1);
 686         my $len2 = length($str2);
 687         # two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 688         my @distance;
 689         for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 690                 for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 691                         if ($i == 0) {
 692                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 693                         } elsif ($j == 0) {
 694                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 695                         } elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 696                                 $distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 697                         } else {
 698                                 my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 699                                 my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 700                                 my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 701                                 $distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 702                         }
 703                 }
 704         }
 705         return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 706 }
 707
 708 sub find_standard_signature {
 709         my ($sign_off) = @_;
 710         my @standard_signature_tags = (
 711                 'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 712                 'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 713         );
 714         foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 715                 return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 716         }
 717
 718         return "";
 719 }
 720
 721 our @typeListMisordered = (
 722         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 723         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 724         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 725         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 726         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 727         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 728         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 729         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 730         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 731         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 732         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 733         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 734         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 735         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 736         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 737         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 738 );
 739
 740 our @typeList = (
 741         qr{void},
 742         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 743         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 744         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 745         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 746         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 747         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 748         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 749         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 750         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 751         qr{float},
 752         qr{double},
 753         qr{bool},
 754         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 755         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 756         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 757         qr{${Ident}_t},
 758         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 759         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 760         @typeListMisordered,
 761 );
 762
 763 our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 764         long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 765         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 766         long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 767         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 768         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 769         int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 770         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 771
 772         long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 773         long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 774         long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 775         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 776         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 777         int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 778         int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 779
 780         int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 781         (?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 782 )};
 783
 784 our @typeListFile = ();
 785 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 786         @typeList,
 787         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 788         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 789 );
 790
 791 our @modifierList = (
 792         qr{fastcall},
 793 );
 794 our @modifierListFile = ();
 795
 796 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 797         ["module_param", 3],
 798         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 799         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 800         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 801         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 802         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 803         ["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 804         ["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 805         ["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 806         ["__ATTR", 2],
 807 );
 808
 809 my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 810
 811 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 812 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 813 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 814         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 815         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 816 }
 817 $mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 818
 819 our %deprecated_apis = (
 820         "synchronize_rcu_bh"                    => "synchronize_rcu",
 821         "synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"          => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 822         "call_rcu_bh"                           => "call_rcu",
 823         "rcu_barrier_bh"                        => "rcu_barrier",
 824         "synchronize_sched"                     => "synchronize_rcu",
 825         "synchronize_sched_expedited"           => "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 826         "call_rcu_sched"                        => "call_rcu",
 827         "rcu_barrier_sched"                     => "rcu_barrier",
 828         "get_state_synchronize_sched"           => "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 829         "cond_synchronize_sched"                => "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 830 );
 831
 832 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 833 our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 834 foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 835         $deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 836         $deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 837 }
 838 $deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 839
 840 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 841         S_IWUGO         |
 842         S_IWOTH         |
 843         S_IRWXUGO       |
 844         S_IALLUGO       |
 845         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 846 }x;
 847
 848 our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 849         "S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 850         "S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 851         "S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 852         "S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 853         "S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 854         "S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 855         "S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 856         "S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 857         "S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 858         "S_IROTH" => 0004,
 859         "S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 860         "S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 861         "S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 862         "S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 863         "S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 864         "S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 865 );
 866
 867 #Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 868 our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 869 foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 870         $mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 871         $mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 872 }
 873 our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 874 our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 875         ${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 876         (?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 877 }x;
 878
 879 sub perms_to_octal {
 880         my ($string) = @_;
 881
 882         return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 883
 884         my $val = "";
 885         my $oval = "";
 886         my $to = 0;
 887         my $curpos = 0;
 888         my $lastpos = 0;
 889         while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 890                 $curpos = pos($string);
 891                 my $match = $2;
 892                 my $omatch = $1;
 893                 last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 894                 $lastpos = $curpos;
 895                 $to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 896                 $val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 897                 $val .= $match;
 898                 $oval .= $omatch;
 899         }
 900         $oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 901         $oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 902         return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 903 }
 904
 905 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 906         irq|
 907         memory|
 908         time|
 909         reboot
 910 )};
 911 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 912
 913 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 914 my $misspellings;
 915 my %spelling_fix;
 916
 917 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 918         while (<$spelling>) {
 919                 my $line = $_;
 920
 921                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 922                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 923
 924                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 925                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 926
 927                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 928
 929                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 930         }
 931         close($spelling);
 932 } else {
 933         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 934 }
 935
 936 if ($codespell) {
 937         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 938                 while (<$spelling>) {
 939                         my $line = $_;
 940
 941                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 942                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 943
 944                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 945                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 946                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 947
 948                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 949
 950                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 951
 952                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 953                 }
 954                 close($spelling);
 955         } else {
 956                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 957         }
 958 }
 959
 960 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 961
 962 sub read_words {
 963         my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 964
 965         if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 966                 while (<$words>) {
 967                         my $line = $_;
 968
 969                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 970                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 971
 972                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 973                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 974                         if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 975                                 print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 976                                 next;
 977                         }
 978
 979                         $$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
 980                         $$wordsRef .= $line;
 981                 }
 982                 close($file);
 983                 return 1;
 984         }
 985
 986         return 0;
 987 }
 988
 989 my $const_structs;
 990 if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
 991         read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
 992             or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
 993 }
 994
 995 if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
 996         my $typeOtherTypedefs;
 997         read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
 998             or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
 999         $typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
1000 }
1001
1002 sub build_types {
1003         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
1004         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
1005         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
1006         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
1007         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
1008         $BasicType      = qr{
1009                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1010                                 (?:${all}\b)
1011                 }x;
1012         $NonptrType     = qr{
1013                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1014                         (?:
1015                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1016                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1017                                 (?:${all}\b)
1018                         )
1019                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1020                   }x;
1021         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
1022                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1023                         (?:
1024                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
1025                         )
1026                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1027                   }x;
1028         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
1029                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1030                         (?:
1031                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1032                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1033                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
1034                         )
1035                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1036                   }x;
1037         $Type   = qr{
1038                         $NonptrType
1039                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1040                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1041                   }x;
1042         $TypeMisordered = qr{
1043                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
1044                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1045                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1046                   }x;
1047         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
1048         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
1049 }
1050 build_types();
1051
1052 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
1053
1054 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
1055 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
1056 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
1057
1058 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
1059 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
1060 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
1061
1062 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
1063         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
1064         (?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
1065         (?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(|
1066         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(
1067 )};
1068
1069 our %allow_repeated_words = (
1070         add => '',
1071         added => '',
1072         bad => '',
1073         be => '',
1074 );
1075
1076 sub deparenthesize {
1077         my ($string) = @_;
1078         return "" if (!defined($string));
1079
1080         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
1081                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
1082                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
1083         }
1084
1085         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
1086
1087         return $string;
1088 }
1089
1090 sub seed_camelcase_file {
1091         my ($file) = @_;
1092
1093         return if (!(-f $file));
1094
1095         local $/;
1096
1097         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
1098             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
1099         my $text = <$include_file>;
1100         close($include_file);
1101
1102         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
1103
1104         foreach my $line (@lines) {
1105                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
1106                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
1107                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1108                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
1109                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1110                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
1111                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
1112                 }
1113         }
1114 }
1115
1116 our %maintained_status = ();
1117
1118 sub is_maintained_obsolete {
1119         my ($filename) = @_;
1120
1121         return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
1122
1123         if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
1124                 $maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
1125         }
1126
1127         return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
1128 }
1129
1130 sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
1131         my ($license) = @_;
1132
1133         return 1 if (!$tree || which("python3") eq "" || !(-x "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1134
1135         my $root_path = abs_path($root);
1136         my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
1137         return 0 if ($status ne "");
1138         return 1;
1139 }
1140
1141 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
1142 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
1143         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
1144
1145         my $files;
1146         my $camelcase_cache = "";
1147         my @include_files = ();
1148
1149         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
1150
1151         if (-e "$gitroot") {
1152                 my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
1153                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
1154                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1155         } else {
1156                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
1157                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1158                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1159                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1160                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1161                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1162                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1163                 }
1164                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1165         }
1166
1167         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1168                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1169                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1170                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1171                         chomp;
1172                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
1173                 }
1174                 close($camelcase_file);
1175
1176                 return;
1177         }
1178
1179         if (-e "$gitroot") {
1180                 $files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1181                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
1182         }
1183
1184         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1185                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
1186         }
1187
1188         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1189                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1190                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1191                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1192                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1193                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1194                 }
1195                 close($camelcase_file);
1196         }
1197 }
1198
1199 sub git_is_single_file {
1200         my ($filename) = @_;
1201
1202         return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1203
1204         my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1205         my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1206         return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1207 }
1208
1209 sub git_commit_info {
1210         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1211
1212         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1213
1214         my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1215         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1216         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1217
1218         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1219
1220         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1221 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1222 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1223 #
1224 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
1225 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1226 #               while read line ; do
1227 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1228 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1229 #               done
1230         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./ ||
1231                  $lines[0] =~ /^fatal: bad object $commit/) {
1232                 $id = undef;
1233         } else {
1234                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1235                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1236         }
1237
1238         return ($id, $desc);
1239 }
1240
1241 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
1242
1243 my @rawlines = ();
1244 my @lines = ();
1245 my @fixed = ();
1246 my @fixed_inserted = ();
1247 my @fixed_deleted = ();
1248 my $fixlinenr = -1;
1249
1250 # If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1251 # For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1252 die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1253
1254 if ($git) {
1255         my @commits = ();
1256         foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1257                 my $git_range;
1258                 if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1259                         $git_range = "-$2 $1";
1260                 } elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1261                         $git_range = "$commit_expr";
1262                 } else {
1263                         $git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1264                 }
1265                 my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1266                 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1267                         $line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1268                         next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1269                         my $sha1 = $1;
1270                         my $subject = $2;
1271                         unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1272                         $git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1273                 }
1274         }
1275         die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1276         @ARGV = @commits;
1277 }
1278
1279 my $vname;
1280 $allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1281 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1282         my $FILE;
1283         my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1284         my $oldfile = $file;
1285         $file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1286         if ($git) {
1287                 open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1288                         die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1289         } elsif ($file) {
1290                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1291                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1292         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1293                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1294         } else {
1295                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1296                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1297         }
1298         if ($filename eq '-') {
1299                 $vname = 'Your patch';
1300         } elsif ($git) {
1301                 $vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1302         } else {
1303                 $vname = $filename;
1304         }
1305         while (<$FILE>) {
1306                 chomp;
1307                 push(@rawlines, $_);
1308                 $vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1309         }
1310         close($FILE);
1311
1312         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1313                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1314                 print "$vname\n";
1315                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1316         }
1317
1318         if (!process($filename)) {
1319                 $exit = 1;
1320         }
1321         @rawlines = ();
1322         @lines = ();
1323         @fixed = ();
1324         @fixed_inserted = ();
1325         @fixed_deleted = ();
1326         $fixlinenr = -1;
1327         @modifierListFile = ();
1328         @typeListFile = ();
1329         build_types();
1330         $file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1331 }
1332
1333 if (!$quiet) {
1334         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1335         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1336
1337         if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1338                 print << "EOM"
1339
1340 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1341       An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1342 EOM
1343         }
1344         if ($exit) {
1345                 if (!$OpenOCD) {
1346                 print << "EOM"
1347
1348 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1349       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1350 EOM
1351                 } # !$OpenOCD
1352                 # OpenOCD specific: Begin
1353                 print << "EOM"
1354
1355 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1356       them to the openocd-devel mailing list or prepare a patch
1357       and send it to Gerrit for review.
1358 EOM
1359                 # OpenOCD specific: End
1360         }
1361 }
1362
1363 exit($exit);
1364
1365 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1366         my ($root) = @_;
1367
1368         my @tree_check = (
1369                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1370                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1371                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1372         );
1373
1374         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1375                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1376                         return 0;
1377                 }
1378         }
1379         return 1;
1380 }
1381
1382 sub parse_email {
1383         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1384
1385         my $name = "";
1386         my $quoted = "";
1387         my $name_comment = "";
1388         my $address = "";
1389         my $comment = "";
1390
1391         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1392                 $name = $1;
1393                 $address = $2;
1394                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
1395         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1396                 $address = $1;
1397                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1398         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1399                 $address = $1;
1400                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
1401                 $formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1402                 $name = $formatted_email;
1403                 $name = trim($name);
1404                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1405                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1406                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1407                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1408                 # is invalid. ie:
1409                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1410                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1411                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1412                         $name = "";
1413                         $address = "";
1414                         $comment = "";
1415                 }
1416         # OpenOCD specific: Begin: handle jenkins as valid email
1417         } elsif ($formatted_email eq "jenkins") {
1418                         $address = "jenkins";
1419         # OpenOCD specific: End
1420         }
1421
1422         # Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1423         # "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1424         if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1425                 $quoted = $1;
1426         }
1427         while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1428                 $name_comment .= trim($1);
1429         }
1430         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1431         $name = trim("$quoted $name");
1432
1433         $address = trim($address);
1434         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1435         $comment = trim($comment);
1436
1437         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1438                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1439                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1440         }
1441
1442         return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1443 }
1444
1445 sub format_email {
1446         my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1447
1448         my $formatted_email;
1449
1450         $name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1451         $address = trim($address);
1452         $address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1453
1454         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1455                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1456                 $name = "\"$name\"";
1457         }
1458
1459         $name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1460         $name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1461         $comment = trim($comment);
1462         $comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1463
1464         if ("$name" eq "") {
1465                 $formatted_email = "$address";
1466         } else {
1467                 $formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1468         }
1469         $formatted_email .= "$comment";
1470         return $formatted_email;
1471 }
1472
1473 sub reformat_email {
1474         my ($email) = @_;
1475
1476         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1477         return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1478 }
1479
1480 sub same_email_addresses {
1481         my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1482
1483         my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1484         my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1485
1486         return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1487                $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1488                $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1489                $comment1 eq $comment2;
1490 }
1491
1492 sub which {
1493         my ($bin) = @_;
1494
1495         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1496                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1497                         return "$path/$bin";
1498                 }
1499         }
1500
1501         return "";
1502 }
1503
1504 sub which_conf {
1505         my ($conf) = @_;
1506
1507         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1508                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1509                         return "$path/$conf";
1510                 }
1511         }
1512
1513         return "";
1514 }
1515
1516 sub expand_tabs {
1517         my ($str) = @_;
1518
1519         my $res = '';
1520         my $n = 0;
1521         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1522                 if ($c eq "\t") {
1523                         $res .= ' ';
1524                         $n++;
1525                         for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1526                                 $res .= ' ';
1527                         }
1528                         next;
1529                 }
1530                 $res .= $c;
1531                 $n++;
1532         }
1533
1534         return $res;
1535 }
1536 sub copy_spacing {
1537         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1538         return $res;
1539 }
1540
1541 sub line_stats {
1542         my ($line) = @_;
1543
1544         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1545         $line =~ s/^.//;
1546         $line = expand_tabs($line);
1547
1548         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1549         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1550
1551         return (length($line), length($white));
1552 }
1553
1554 my $sanitise_quote = '';
1555
1556 sub sanitise_line_reset {
1557         my ($in_comment) = @_;
1558
1559         if ($in_comment) {
1560                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1561         } else {
1562                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1563         }
1564 }
1565 sub sanitise_line {
1566         my ($line) = @_;
1567
1568         my $res = '';
1569         my $l = '';
1570
1571         my $qlen = 0;
1572         my $off = 0;
1573         my $c;
1574
1575         # Always copy over the diff marker.
1576         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1577
1578         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1579                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1580
1581                 # Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1582                 # and end, all to $;.
1583                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1584                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
1585
1586                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1587                         $off++;
1588                         next;
1589                 }
1590                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1591                         $sanitise_quote = '';
1592                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1593                         $off++;
1594                         next;
1595                 }
1596                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1597                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
1598
1599                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1600                         $off++;
1601                         next;
1602                 }
1603
1604                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1605                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1606                     $c eq "\\") {
1607                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1608                         $off++;
1609                         next;
1610                 }
1611                 # Regular quotes.
1612                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1613                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1614                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1615
1616                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1617                                 next;
1618                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1619                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1620                         }
1621                 }
1622
1623                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1624                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1625                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1626                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1627                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1628                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1629                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1630                 } else {
1631                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1632                 }
1633         }
1634
1635         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1636                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1637         }
1638
1639         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1640         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1641                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1642                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1643
1644         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1645         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1646                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1647                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1648         }
1649
1650         if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1651                 my $match = $1;
1652                 $res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1653         }
1654
1655         return $res;
1656 }
1657
1658 sub get_quoted_string {
1659         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1660
1661         return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1662         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1663         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1664 }
1665
1666 sub ctx_statement_block {
1667         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1668         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1669         my $blk = '';
1670         my $soff = $off;
1671         my $coff = $off - 1;
1672         my $coff_set = 0;
1673
1674         my $loff = 0;
1675
1676         my $type = '';
1677         my $level = 0;
1678         my @stack = ();
1679         my $p;
1680         my $c;
1681         my $len = 0;
1682
1683         my $remainder;
1684         while (1) {
1685                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1686
1687                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1688                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1689                 # context.
1690                 if ($off >= $len) {
1691                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1692                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1693                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1694                                 $remain--;
1695                                 $loff = $len;
1696                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1697                                 $len = length($blk);
1698                                 $line++;
1699                                 last;
1700                         }
1701                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1702                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1703                         if ($off >= $len) {
1704                                 last;
1705                         }
1706                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1707                                 $level++;
1708                                 $type = '#';
1709                         }
1710                 }
1711                 $p = $c;
1712                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1713                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1714
1715                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1716
1717                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1718                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1719                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1720                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1721                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1722                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1723                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1724                 }
1725
1726                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1727                 # outermost level.
1728                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1729                         last;
1730                 }
1731
1732                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1733                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1734                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1735                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1736                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1737                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1738                         $coff_set = 1;
1739                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1740                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1741                 }
1742
1743                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1744                         $level++;
1745                         $type = '(';
1746                 }
1747                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1748                         $level--;
1749                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1750
1751                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1752                                 $coff = $off;
1753                                 $coff_set = 1;
1754                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1755                         }
1756                 }
1757                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1758                         $level++;
1759                         $type = '{';
1760                 }
1761                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1762                         $level--;
1763                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1764
1765                         if ($level == 0) {
1766                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1767                                         $off++;
1768                                 }
1769                                 last;
1770                         }
1771                 }
1772                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1773                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1774                         $level--;
1775                         $type = '';
1776                         $off++;
1777                         last;
1778                 }
1779                 $off++;
1780         }
1781         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1782         if ($off == $len) {
1783                 $loff = $len + 1;
1784                 $line++;
1785                 $remain--;
1786         }
1787
1788         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1789         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1790
1791         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1792         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1793
1794         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1795
1796         return ($statement, $condition,
1797                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1798 }
1799
1800 sub statement_lines {
1801         my ($stmt) = @_;
1802
1803         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1804         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1805         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1806         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1807
1808         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1809
1810         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1811 }
1812
1813 sub statement_rawlines {
1814         my ($stmt) = @_;
1815
1816         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1817
1818         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1819 }
1820
1821 sub statement_block_size {
1822         my ($stmt) = @_;
1823
1824         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1825         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1826         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1827         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1828         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1829
1830         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1831         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1832
1833         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1834         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1835
1836         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1837                 return $stmt_lines;
1838         } else {
1839                 return $stmt_statements;
1840         }
1841 }
1842
1843 sub ctx_statement_full {
1844         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1845         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1846
1847         my (@chunks);
1848
1849         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1850         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1851                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1852         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1853         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1854         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1855                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1856         }
1857
1858         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1859         # could continue the statement.
1860         for (;;) {
1861                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1862                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1863                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1864                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1865                 #print "C: push\n";
1866                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1867         }
1868
1869         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1870 }
1871
1872 sub ctx_block_get {
1873         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1874         my $line;
1875         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1876         my $blk = '';
1877         my @o;
1878         my @c;
1879         my @res = ();
1880
1881         my $level = 0;
1882         my @stack = ($level);
1883         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1884                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1885                 $remain--;
1886
1887                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1888
1889                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1890                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1891                         push(@stack, $level);
1892                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1893                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1894                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1895                         $level = pop(@stack);
1896                 }
1897
1898                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1899                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1900                         if ($off > 0) {
1901                                 $off--;
1902                                 next;
1903                         }
1904
1905                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1906                                 $level--;
1907                                 last if ($level == 0);
1908                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1909                                 $level++;
1910                         }
1911                 }
1912
1913                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1914                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1915                 }
1916
1917                 last if ($level == 0);
1918         }
1919
1920         return ($level, @res);
1921 }
1922 sub ctx_block_outer {
1923         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1924
1925         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1926         return @r;
1927 }
1928 sub ctx_block {
1929         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1930
1931         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1932         return @r;
1933 }
1934 sub ctx_statement {
1935         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1936
1937         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1938         return @r;
1939 }
1940 sub ctx_block_level {
1941         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1942
1943         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1944 }
1945 sub ctx_statement_level {
1946         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1947
1948         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1949 }
1950
1951 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1952         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1953
1954         # If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1955         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1956         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1957         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1958         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1959         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1960         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1961
1962         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1963         ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1964         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1965
1966         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1967         # comment.
1968         my $in_comment = 0;
1969         $current_comment = '';
1970         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1971                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1972                 #warn "           $line\n";
1973                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1974                         $in_comment = 1;
1975                 }
1976                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1977                         $in_comment = 1;
1978                 }
1979                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1980                         $current_comment = '';
1981                 }
1982                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1983                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1984                         $in_comment = 0;
1985                 }
1986         }
1987
1988         chomp($current_comment);
1989         return($current_comment);
1990 }
1991 sub ctx_has_comment {
1992         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1993         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1994
1995         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1996         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1997
1998         return ($cmt ne '');
1999 }
2000
2001 sub raw_line {
2002         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
2003
2004         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
2005         $cnt++;
2006
2007         my $line;
2008         while ($cnt) {
2009                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
2010                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
2011                 $cnt--;
2012         }
2013
2014         return $line;
2015 }
2016
2017 sub get_stat_real {
2018         my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
2019
2020         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
2021         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
2022                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
2023         }
2024
2025         return $stat_real;
2026 }
2027
2028 sub get_stat_here {
2029         my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
2030
2031         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
2032         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
2033                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
2034         }
2035
2036         return $herectx;
2037 }
2038
2039 sub cat_vet {
2040         my ($vet) = @_;
2041         my ($res, $coded);
2042
2043         $res = '';
2044         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
2045                 $res .= $1;
2046                 if ($2 ne '') {
2047                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
2048                         $res .= $coded;
2049                 }
2050         }
2051         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
2052
2053         return $res;
2054 }
2055
2056 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
2057 my $av_pending;
2058 my @av_paren_type;
2059 my $av_pend_colon;
2060
2061 sub annotate_reset {
2062         $av_preprocessor = 0;
2063         $av_pending = '_';
2064         @av_paren_type = ('E');
2065         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2066 }
2067
2068 sub annotate_values {
2069         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
2070
2071         my $res;
2072         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
2073         my $cur = $stream;
2074
2075         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2076
2077         while (length($cur)) {
2078                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
2079                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
2080                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2081                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
2082                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2083                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
2084                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2085                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
2086                         }
2087
2088                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
2089                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2090                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2091                         $type = 'c';
2092
2093                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
2094                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2095                         $type = 'T';
2096
2097                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
2098                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2099                         $type = 'T';
2100
2101                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
2102                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2103                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2104                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2105                         if ($2 ne '') {
2106                                 $av_pending = 'N';
2107                         }
2108                         $type = 'E';
2109
2110                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
2111                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2112                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2113                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2114
2115                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
2116                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2117                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2118
2119                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2120                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2121                         $type = 'E';
2122
2123                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
2124                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2125                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2126
2127                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
2128
2129                         $type = 'E';
2130
2131                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
2132                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2133
2134                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
2135
2136                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
2137                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
2138                         pop(@av_paren_type);
2139                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2140                         $type = 'E';
2141
2142                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
2143                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2144
2145                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
2146                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2147                         $av_pending = $type;
2148                         $type = 'N';
2149
2150                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
2151                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2152                         if (defined $2) {
2153                                 $av_pending = 'V';
2154                         }
2155                         $type = 'N';
2156
2157                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
2158                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2159                         $av_pending = 'E';
2160                         $type = 'N';
2161
2162                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
2163                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2164                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
2165                         $type = 'N';
2166
2167                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
2168                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2169                         $type = 'N';
2170
2171                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2172                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2173                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2174                         $av_pending = '_';
2175                         $type = 'N';
2176
2177                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2178                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2179                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
2180                                 $type = $new_type;
2181                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2182                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
2183                         } else {
2184                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2185                         }
2186
2187                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2188                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2189                         $type = 'V';
2190                         $av_pending = 'V';
2191
2192                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2193                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2194                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
2195                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2196                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
2197                         }
2198                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2199                         $type = 'V';
2200
2201                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2202                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2203                         $type = 'V';
2204
2205                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2206                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2207                         $type = 'N';
2208
2209                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2210                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2211                         $type = 'E';
2212                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2213
2214                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2215                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2216                         $type = 'C';
2217
2218                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2219                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2220                         $type = 'N';
2221
2222                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2223                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2224
2225                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2226                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2227                                 $type = 'E';
2228                         } else {
2229                                 $type = 'N';
2230                         }
2231                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
2232
2233                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2234                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2235                         $type = 'N';
2236
2237                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2238                         my $variant;
2239
2240                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2241                         if ($type eq 'V') {
2242                                 $variant = 'B';
2243                         } else {
2244                                 $variant = 'U';
2245                         }
2246
2247                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2248                         $type = 'N';
2249
2250                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2251                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2252                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2253                                 $type = 'N';
2254                         }
2255
2256                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2257                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2258                 }
2259                 if (defined $1) {
2260                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2261                         $res .= $type x length($1);
2262                 }
2263         }
2264
2265         return ($res, $var);
2266 }
2267
2268 sub possible {
2269         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2270         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2271                 ^(?:
2272                         $Modifier|
2273                         $Storage|
2274                         $Type|
2275                         DEFINE_\S+
2276                 )$|
2277                 ^(?:
2278                         goto|
2279                         return|
2280                         case|
2281                         else|
2282                         asm|__asm__|
2283                         do|
2284                         \#|
2285                         \#\#|
2286                 )(?:\s|$)|
2287                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2288             )}x;
2289         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2290         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2291                 # Check for modifiers.
2292                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2293                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2294                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2295
2296                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2297                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2298                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2299                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2300                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2301                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2302                                 }
2303                         }
2304
2305                 } else {
2306                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2307                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2308                 }
2309                 build_types();
2310         } else {
2311                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2312         }
2313 }
2314
2315 my $prefix = '';
2316
2317 sub show_type {
2318         my ($type) = @_;
2319
2320         $type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2321
2322         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2323
2324         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2325 }
2326
2327 sub report {
2328         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2329
2330         if (!show_type($type) ||
2331             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2332                 return 0;
2333         }
2334         my $output = '';
2335         if ($color) {
2336                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2337                         $output .= RED;
2338                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2339                         $output .= YELLOW;
2340                 } else {
2341                         $output .= GREEN;
2342                 }
2343         }
2344         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2345         if ($show_types) {
2346                 $output .= BLUE if ($color);
2347                 $output .= "$type:";
2348         }
2349         $output .= RESET if ($color);
2350         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2351
2352         if ($showfile) {
2353                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2354                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2355                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
2356         }
2357
2358         if ($terse) {
2359                 $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
2360         }
2361
2362         if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
2363             !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
2364                 $output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
2365                 $verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
2366         }
2367
2368         push(our @report, $output);
2369
2370         return 1;
2371 }
2372
2373 sub report_dump {
2374         our @report;
2375 }
2376
2377 sub fixup_current_range {
2378         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2379
2380         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2381                 my $o = $1;
2382                 my $l = $2;
2383                 my $no = $o + $offset;
2384                 my $nl = $l + $length;
2385                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2386         }
2387 }
2388
2389 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2390         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2391
2392         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2393         my $delta_offset = 0;
2394
2395         my $old_linenr = 0;
2396         my $new_linenr = 0;
2397
2398         my $next_insert = 0;
2399         my $next_delete = 0;
2400
2401         my @lines = ();
2402
2403         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2404         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2405
2406         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2407                 my $save_line = 1;
2408                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
2409                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
2410                         $delta_offset = 0;
2411                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
2412                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2413                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2414                 }
2415
2416                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2417                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2418                         $save_line = 0;
2419                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2420                 }
2421
2422                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2423                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2424                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2425                         $new_linenr++;
2426                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2427                 }
2428
2429                 if ($save_line) {
2430                         push(@lines, $line);
2431                         $new_linenr++;
2432                 }
2433
2434                 $old_linenr++;
2435         }
2436
2437         return @lines;
2438 }
2439
2440 sub fix_insert_line {
2441         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2442
2443         my $inserted = {
2444                 LINENR => $linenr,
2445                 LINE => $line,
2446         };
2447         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2448 }
2449
2450 sub fix_delete_line {
2451         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2452
2453         my $deleted = {
2454                 LINENR => $linenr,
2455                 LINE => $line,
2456         };
2457
2458         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2459 }
2460
2461 sub ERROR {
2462         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2463
2464         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2465                 our $clean = 0;
2466                 our $cnt_error++;
2467                 return 1;
2468         }
2469         return 0;
2470 }
2471 sub WARN {
2472         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2473
2474         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2475                 our $clean = 0;
2476                 our $cnt_warn++;
2477                 return 1;
2478         }
2479         return 0;
2480 }
2481 sub CHK {
2482         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2483
2484         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2485                 our $clean = 0;
2486                 our $cnt_chk++;
2487                 return 1;
2488         }
2489         return 0;
2490 }
2491
2492 sub check_absolute_file {
2493         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2494         my $file = $absolute;
2495
2496         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2497
2498         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2499         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2500                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
2501                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
2502                         last;
2503                 }
2504         }
2505         if (! -f _)  {
2506                 return 0;
2507         }
2508
2509         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2510         my $prefix = $absolute;
2511         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2512
2513         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2514         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2515                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2516                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2517         }
2518 }
2519
2520 sub trim {
2521         my ($string) = @_;
2522
2523         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2524
2525         return $string;
2526 }
2527
2528 sub ltrim {
2529         my ($string) = @_;
2530
2531         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
2532
2533         return $string;
2534 }
2535
2536 sub rtrim {
2537         my ($string) = @_;
2538
2539         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
2540
2541         return $string;
2542 }
2543
2544 sub string_find_replace {
2545         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2546
2547         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2548
2549         return $string;
2550 }
2551
2552 sub tabify {
2553         my ($leading) = @_;
2554
2555         my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2556         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2557         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2558
2559         #convert leading spaces to tabs
2560         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2561         #Remove spaces before a tab
2562         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2563
2564         return "$leading";
2565 }
2566
2567 sub pos_last_openparen {
2568         my ($line) = @_;
2569
2570         my $pos = 0;
2571
2572         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2573         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2574
2575         my $last_openparen = 0;
2576
2577         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2578                 return -1;
2579         }
2580
2581         my $len = length($line);
2582
2583         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2584                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2585                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2586                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
2587                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2588                         $last_openparen = $pos;
2589                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2590                         last;
2591                 }
2592         }
2593
2594         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2595 }
2596
2597 sub get_raw_comment {
2598         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2599         my $comment = '';
2600
2601         for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2602                 if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2603                         $comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2604                 }
2605         }
2606
2607         return $comment;
2608 }
2609
2610 sub exclude_global_initialisers {
2611         my ($realfile) = @_;
2612
2613         # Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
2614         return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
2615                 $realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
2616                 $realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
2617 }
2618
2619 sub process {
2620         my $filename = shift;
2621
2622         my $linenr=0;
2623         my $prevline="";
2624         my $prevrawline="";
2625         my $stashline="";
2626         my $stashrawline="";
2627
2628         my $length;
2629         my $indent;
2630         my $previndent=0;
2631         my $stashindent=0;
2632
2633         our $clean = 1;
2634         my $signoff = 0;
2635         my $author = '';
2636         my $authorsignoff = 0;
2637         my $author_sob = '';
2638         my $is_patch = 0;
2639         my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2640         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2641         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
2642         my $has_patch_separator = 0;    #Found a --- line
2643         my $has_commit_log = 0;         #Encountered lines before patch
2644         my $commit_log_lines = 0;       #Number of commit log lines
2645         my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2646         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2647         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2648         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2649         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2650
2651         my $last_git_commit_id_linenr = -1;
2652
2653         my $last_blank_line = 0;
2654         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2655
2656         our @report = ();
2657         our $cnt_lines = 0;
2658         our $cnt_error = 0;
2659         our $cnt_warn = 0;
2660         our $cnt_chk = 0;
2661
2662         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
2663         my $realfile = '';
2664         my $realline = 0;
2665         my $realcnt = 0;
2666         my $here = '';
2667         my $context_function;           #undef'd unless there's a known function
2668         my $in_comment = 0;
2669         my $comment_edge = 0;
2670         my $first_line = 0;
2671         my $p1_prefix = '';
2672
2673         my $prev_values = 'E';
2674
2675         # suppression flags
2676         my %suppress_ifbraces;
2677         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2678         my %suppress_export;
2679         my $suppress_statement = 0;
2680
2681         my %signatures = ();
2682
2683         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2684         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2685         #
2686         my @setup_docs = ();
2687         my $setup_docs = 0;
2688
2689         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2690
2691         my $checklicenseline = 1;
2692
2693         sanitise_line_reset();
2694         my $line;
2695         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2696                 $linenr++;
2697                 $line = $rawline;
2698
2699                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2700
2701                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2702                         $setup_docs = 0;
2703                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2704                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2705                         }
2706                         #next;
2707                 }
2708                 if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2709                         $realline=$1-1;
2710                         if (defined $2) {
2711                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2712                         } else {
2713                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2714                         }
2715                         $in_comment = 0;
2716
2717                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2718                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2719                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2720                         # at context start.
2721                         my $edge;
2722                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2723                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2724                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2725                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2726                                 $cnt--;
2727                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2728                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2729                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2730                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2731                                         ($edge) = $1;
2732                                         last;
2733                                 }
2734                         }
2735                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2736                                 $in_comment = 1;
2737                         }
2738
2739                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2740                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2741                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2742                         if (!defined $edge &&
2743                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2744                         {
2745                                 $in_comment = 1;
2746                         }
2747
2748                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2749                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2750
2751                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2752                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2753                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2754                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2755                 }
2756                 push(@lines, $line);
2757
2758                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2759                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2760                 } else {
2761                         $realcnt = 0;
2762                 }
2763
2764                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2765                 #print "-->$line\n";
2766
2767                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2768                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2769                 }
2770         }
2771
2772         $prefix = '';
2773
2774         $realcnt = 0;
2775         $linenr = 0;
2776         $fixlinenr = -1;
2777         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2778                 $linenr++;
2779                 $fixlinenr++;
2780                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2781                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2782
2783                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2784                 my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2785
2786 # check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2787                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2788                     ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2789                     ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2790                      $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2791                         $is_patch = 1;
2792                 }
2793
2794 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2795                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2796                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2797                         my $context = $4;
2798                         $is_patch = 1;
2799                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2800                         $realline=$1-1;
2801                         if (defined $2) {
2802                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2803                         } else {
2804                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2805                         }
2806                         annotate_reset();
2807                         $prev_values = 'E';
2808
2809                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2810                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2811                         %suppress_export = ();
2812                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2813                         if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2814                                 $context_function = $1;
2815                         } else {
2816                                 undef $context_function;
2817                         }
2818                         next;
2819
2820 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2821 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2822 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2823                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2824                         $realline++;
2825                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2826
2827                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2828                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2829
2830                         # Track the previous line.
2831                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2832                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2833                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2834
2835                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2836
2837                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2838                         $realcnt--;
2839                 }
2840
2841                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2842
2843                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2844                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2845
2846                 my $found_file = 0;
2847                 # extract the filename as it passes
2848                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2849                         $realfile = $1;
2850                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2851                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2852                         $found_file = 1;
2853                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2854                         $realfile = $1;
2855                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2856                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2857
2858                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2859                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2860                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2861                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2862                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2863                         }
2864
2865                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2866                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2867                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2868                         }
2869                         $found_file = 1;
2870                 }
2871
2872 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2873                 if ($showfile) {
2874                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2875                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2876                         if ($file) {
2877                                 $prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2878                         } else {
2879                                 $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2880                         }
2881                 }
2882
2883                 if ($found_file) {
2884                         if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2885                                 WARN("OBSOLETE",
2886                                      "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2887                         }
2888                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2889                                 $check = 1;
2890                         } else {
2891                                 $check = $check_orig;
2892                         }
2893                         $checklicenseline = 1;
2894
2895                         if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2896                                 my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2897
2898                                 $is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2899
2900                                 if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2901                                     ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2902                                         WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2903                                              "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2904                                 }
2905                         }
2906
2907                         next;
2908                 }
2909
2910                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2911
2912                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2913                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2914                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2915
2916                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2917
2918 # Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2919 # 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2920                 if ($in_commit_log) {
2921                         if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2922                                 $commit_log_lines++;    #could be a $signature
2923                         }
2924                 } elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2925                         WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2926                              "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2927                         $commit_log_lines = 2;  #warn only once
2928                 }
2929
2930 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2931                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2932                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2933                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2934                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2935                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2936                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2937                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2938                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2939                 }
2940
2941 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2942                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2943                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2944                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2945                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2946                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2947                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2948                         }
2949                 }
2950
2951 # Check the patch for a From:
2952                 if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2953                         $author = $1;
2954                         my $curline = $linenr;
2955                         while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
2956                                 $author .= $1;
2957                         }
2958                         $author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2959                         $author =~ s/"//g;
2960                         $author = reformat_email($author);
2961                 }
2962
2963 # Check the patch for a signoff:
2964                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2965                         $signoff++;
2966                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2967                         if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
2968                                 if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2969                                         $authorsignoff = 1;
2970                                 } else {
2971                                         my $ctx = $1;
2972                                         my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
2973                                         my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
2974
2975                                         if (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
2976                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2977                                                 $authorsignoff = 2;
2978                                         } elsif (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address) {
2979                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2980                                                 $authorsignoff = 3;
2981                                         } elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
2982                                                 $author_sob = $ctx;
2983                                                 $authorsignoff = 4;
2984
2985                                                 my $address1 = $email_address;
2986                                                 my $address2 = $author_address;
2987
2988                                                 if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2989                                                         $address1 = "$1$2";
2990                                                 }
2991                                                 if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2992                                                         $address2 = "$1$2";
2993                                                 }
2994                                                 if ($address1 eq $address2) {
2995                                                         $authorsignoff = 5;
2996                                                 }
2997                                         }
2998                                 }
2999                         }
3000                 }
3001
3002 # Check for patch separator
3003                 if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
3004                         $has_patch_separator = 1;
3005                         $in_commit_log = 0;
3006                 }
3007
3008 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
3009 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
3010                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
3011                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3012                 }
3013
3014 # Check signature styles
3015                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
3016                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
3017                         my $space_before = $1;
3018                         my $sign_off = $2;
3019                         my $space_after = $3;
3020                         my $email = $4;
3021                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
3022
3023                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
3024                                 my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
3025                                 if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
3026                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3027                                              "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
3028                                 } else {
3029                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3030                                                  "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
3031                                             $fix) {
3032                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
3033                                         }
3034                                 }
3035                         }
3036                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
3037                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3038                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3039                                     $fix) {
3040                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3041                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3042                                 }
3043                         }
3044                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
3045                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3046                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
3047                                     $fix) {
3048                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3049                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3050                                 }
3051
3052                         }
3053                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
3054                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3055                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3056                                     $fix) {
3057                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3058                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3059                                 }
3060                         }
3061
3062                         my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
3063                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
3064                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
3065                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3066                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3067                         } else {
3068                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
3069                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
3070                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
3071                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
3072                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
3073                                 if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
3074                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3075                                                  "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3076                                             $fix) {
3077                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
3078                                         }
3079                                 }
3080
3081                                 # Address part shouldn't have comments
3082                                 my $stripped_address = $email_address;
3083                                 $stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
3084                                 if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
3085                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3086                                                  "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3087                                             $fix) {
3088                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
3089                                         }
3090                                 }
3091
3092                                 # Only one name comment should be allowed
3093                                 my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
3094                                 if ($comment_count > 1) {
3095                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3096                                              "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3097                                 }
3098
3099
3100                                 # stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
3101                                 # have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
3102                                 # begin with a #
3103                                 if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
3104                                         if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
3105                                             ($email_name ne "")) {
3106                                                 my $cur_name = $email_name;
3107                                                 my $new_comment = $comment;
3108                                                 $cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
3109
3110                                                 # Remove brackets enclosing comment text
3111                                                 # and # from start of comments to get comment text
3112                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
3113                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3114                                                 $new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
3115
3116                                                 $new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
3117                                                 $new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
3118                                                 my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
3119
3120                                                 if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
3121                                                          "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3122                                                     $fix) {
3123                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3124                                                 }
3125                                         }
3126                                 } elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
3127                                         my $new_comment = $comment;
3128
3129                                         # Extract comment text from within brackets or
3130                                         # c89 style /*...*/ comments
3131                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3132                                         $new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
3133
3134                                         $new_comment = trim($new_comment);
3135                                         $new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
3136                                         $new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
3137                                         my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
3138
3139                                         if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3140                                                  "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3141                                             $fix) {
3142                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3143                                         }
3144                                 }
3145                         }
3146
3147 # Check for duplicate signatures
3148                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
3149                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
3150                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
3151                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
3152                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3153                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
3154                         } else {
3155                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
3156                         }
3157
3158 # Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
3159                         if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
3160                                 if ($email eq $author) {
3161                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3162                                               "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3163                                 }
3164                                 if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3165                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3166                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3167                                 } elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3168                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3169                                              "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
3170                                 } elsif ($1 ne $email) {
3171                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3172                                              "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
3173                                 }
3174                         }
3175                 }
3176
3177 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
3178                 if ($in_header_lines &&
3179                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
3180                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
3181                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
3182                 }
3183
3184 # Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
3185                 if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
3186                         if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
3187                                   "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
3188                             $fix) {
3189                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3190                         }
3191                 }
3192
3193 # Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3194                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3195                     ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3196                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3197                                         # timestamp
3198                      $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3199                      $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3200                      $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3201                                         # stack dump address styles
3202                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3203                 }
3204
3205 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3206                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3207                     length($line) > 75 &&
3208                     !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3209                                         # file delta changes
3210                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-\+]*\/)++[\w\.\-\+]+:/ ||
3211                                         # filename then :
3212                       $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:|$signature_tags)/i ||
3213                                         # A Fixes: or Link: line or signature tag line
3214                       $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3215                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3216                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
3217                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
3218                 }
3219
3220 # Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3221                 if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3222                     $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3223                         $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3224                 }
3225
3226 # Check for lines starting with a #
3227                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3228                         if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3229                                  "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3230                             $fix) {
3231                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3232                         }
3233                 }
3234
3235 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3236 # A correctly formed commit description is:
3237 #    commit <SHA-1 hash length 12+ chars> ("Complete commit subject")
3238 # with the commit subject '("' prefix and '")' suffix
3239 # This is a fairly compilicated block as it tests for what appears to be
3240 # bare SHA-1 hash with  minimum length of 5.  It also avoids several types of
3241 # possible SHA-1 matches.
3242 # A commit match can span multiple lines so this block attempts to find a
3243 # complete typical commit on a maximum of 3 lines
3244                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3245                     $in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3246                     $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3247                     $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3248                     (($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
3249                       ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i && defined($rawlines[$linenr]) && $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i)) ||
3250                      ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3251                       $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3252                       $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3253                         my $init_char = "c";
3254                         my $orig_commit = "";
3255                         my $short = 1;
3256                         my $long = 0;
3257                         my $case = 1;
3258                         my $space = 1;
3259                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
3260                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3261                         my $description = "";
3262                         my $herectx = $herecurr;
3263                         my $has_parens = 0;
3264                         my $has_quotes = 0;
3265
3266                         my $input = $line;
3267                         if ($line =~ /(?:\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}|\bcommit\s*$)/i) {
3268                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < 2; $n++) {
3269                                         if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*($balanced_parens)/i) {
3270                                                 $orig_desc = $1;
3271                                                 $has_parens = 1;
3272                                                 # Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3273                                                 $orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3274                                                 if ($orig_desc =~ /^".*"$/) {
3275                                                         $orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3276                                                         $has_quotes = 1;
3277                                                 }
3278                                                 last;
3279                                         }
3280                                         last if ($#lines < $linenr + $n);
3281                                         $input .= " " . trim($rawlines[$linenr + $n]);
3282                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$linenr + $n]\n";
3283                                 }
3284                                 $herectx = $herecurr if (!$has_parens);
3285                         }
3286
3287                         if ($input =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3288                                 $init_char = $1;
3289                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
3290                                 $short = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3291                                 $long = 1 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3292                                 $space = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3293                                 $case = 0 if ($input =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3294                         } elsif ($input =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
3295                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
3296                         }
3297
3298                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3299                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
3300
3301                         if (defined($id) &&
3302                             ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$has_quotes) &&
3303                             $last_git_commit_id_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
3304                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3305                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herectx);
3306                         }
3307                         #don't report the next line if this line ends in commit and the sha1 hash is the next line
3308                         $last_git_commit_id_linenr = $linenr if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i);
3309                 }
3310
3311 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
3312                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3313                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3314                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3315                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3316                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3317                         $is_patch = 1;
3318                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3319                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3320                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3321                 }
3322
3323 # Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3324                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
3325                     ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3326                     ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3327                         WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3328                              "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
3329                 }
3330
3331 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3332                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3333                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3334                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3335                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3336                 }
3337
3338 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3339                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3340                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3341                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3342
3343                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3344                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3345                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3346
3347                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3348                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3349                 }
3350
3351 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
3352 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3353                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3354                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3355                       $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3356                         $in_header_lines = 0;
3357                         $in_commit_log = 1;
3358                         $has_commit_log = 1;
3359                 }
3360
3361 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3362 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3363                 if ($in_header_lines &&
3364                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3365                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3366                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
3367                 }
3368
3369                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3370                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3371                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3372                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3373                 }
3374
3375 # Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3376                 if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3377                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3378                                 my $file = $1;
3379
3380                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3381                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3382                                         #
3383                                 } else {
3384                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3385                                 }
3386                         }
3387                 }
3388
3389 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3390                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
3391                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3392                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3393                                 my $typo = $1;
3394                                 my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3395                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3396                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3397                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3398                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3399                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3400                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3401                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3402                                 if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3403                                                   "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3404                                     $fix) {
3405                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3406                                 }
3407                         }
3408                 }
3409
3410 # check for invalid commit id
3411                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3412                         my $id;
3413                         my $description;
3414                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3415                         if (!defined($id)) {
3416                                 WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3417                                      "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3418                         }
3419                 }
3420
3421 # check for repeated words separated by a single space
3422 # avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3423                 if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3424                     $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3425                         pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3426                         while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3427
3428                                 my $first = $1;
3429                                 my $second = $2;
3430                                 my $start_pos = $-[1];
3431                                 my $end_pos = $+[2];
3432                                 if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3433                                         pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3434                                         next;
3435                                 }
3436
3437                                 next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3438                                 next if ($first eq 'long');
3439
3440                                 # check for character before and after the word matches
3441                                 my $start_char = '';
3442                                 my $end_char = '';
3443                                 $start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3444                                 $end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3445
3446                                 next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3447                                 next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3448
3449                                 # avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3450                                 if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3451                                         next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3452                                 }
3453
3454                                 if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3455                                          "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3456                                     $fix) {
3457                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3458                                 }
3459                         }
3460
3461                         # if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3462                         if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3463                             $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3464                                 my $last_word = $1;
3465                                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3466                                         if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3467                                                  "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3468                                             $fix) {
3469                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3470                                         }
3471                                 }
3472                         }
3473                 }
3474
3475 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3476                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3477
3478 #trailing whitespace
3479                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3480                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3481                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3482                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3483                             $fix) {
3484                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3485                         }
3486                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3487                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3488                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3489                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3490                             $fix) {
3491                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3492                         }
3493
3494                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3495                 }
3496
3497 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3498                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3499                     $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3500                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3501                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3502                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3503                         my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3504                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3505                         &{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3506                                       "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3507                 }
3508
3509 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3510 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3511 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3512                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3513                     # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3514                     # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3515                     # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3516                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3517                         my $ln = $linenr;
3518                         my $needs_help = 0;
3519                         my $has_help = 0;
3520                         my $help_length = 0;
3521                         while (defined $lines[$ln]) {
3522                                 my $f = $lines[$ln++];
3523
3524                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3525                                 last if ($f !~ /^[\+ ]/);       # !patch context
3526
3527                                 if ($f =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3528                                         $needs_help = 1;
3529                                         next;
3530                                 }
3531                                 if ($f =~ /^\+\s*help\s*$/) {
3532                                         $has_help = 1;
3533                                         next;
3534                                 }
3535
3536                                 $f =~ s/^.//;   # strip patch context [+ ]
3537                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;  # strip # directives
3538                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//; # strip leading blanks
3539                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);   # skip blank lines
3540
3541                                 # At the end of this Kconfig block:
3542                                 # This only checks context lines in the patch
3543                                 # and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3544                                 # positives, even though some of these are
3545                                 # common words in help texts
3546                                 if ($f =~ /^(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3547                                                if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3548                                         last;
3549                                 }
3550                                 $help_length++ if ($has_help);
3551                         }
3552                         if ($needs_help &&
3553                             $help_length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3554                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $ln - 1);
3555                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3556                                      "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
3557                         }
3558                 }
3559
3560 # check MAINTAINERS entries
3561                 if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3562 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3563                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3564                             $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3565                                 if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3566                                          "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3567                                     $fix) {
3568                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3569                                 }
3570                         }
3571 # check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3572                         my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3573                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3574                             $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3575                                 $rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3576                                 my $cur = $1;
3577                                 my $curval = $2;
3578                                 $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3579                                 my $prev = $1;
3580                                 my $prevval = $2;
3581                                 my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3582                                 my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3583                                 if ($curindex < 0) {
3584                                         WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3585                                              "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3586                                 } else {
3587                                         if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3588                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3589                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3590                                         } elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3591                                                   ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3592                                                  ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3593                                                 WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3594                                                      "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3595                                         }
3596                                 }
3597                         }
3598                 }
3599
3600                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3601                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3602                         my $flag = $1;
3603                         my $replacement = {
3604                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3605                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3606                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3607                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3608                         };
3609
3610                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3611                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3612                 }
3613
3614 # check for DT compatible documentation
3615                 if (defined $root &&
3616                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3617                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3618
3619                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3620
3621                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3622                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3623
3624                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3625                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
3626                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3627                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
3628                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3629                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3630                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3631                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3632                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3633                                 }
3634
3635                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3636                                 my $vendor = $1;
3637                                 `grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3638                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3639                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3640                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3641                                 }
3642                         }
3643                 }
3644
3645 # check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3646                 if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3647                         if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3648                                 $checklicenseline = 2;
3649                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3650                                 my $comment = "";
3651                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3652                                         $comment = '/*';
3653                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3654                                         $comment = '//';
3655                                 } elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3656                                         $comment = '#';
3657                                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3658                                         $comment = '..';
3659                                 }
3660
3661 # check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3662                                 if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3663                                     $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3664                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3665                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3666                                              "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3667                                 }
3668
3669                                 if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3670                                     $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3671                                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3672                                              "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3673                                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3674                                         my $spdx_license = $1;
3675                                         if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3676                                                 WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3677                                                      "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3678                                         }
3679                                         if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3680                                             not $spdx_license =~ /GPL-2\.0.*BSD-2-Clause/) {
3681                                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3682                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3683                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3684
3685                                                                   "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3686                                                     $fix) {
3687                                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3688                                                 }
3689                                         }
3690                                 }
3691                         }
3692                 }
3693
3694 # check for embedded filenames
3695                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\Q$realfile\E/) {
3696                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3697                              "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3698                 }
3699
3700 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3701                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3702
3703 # check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3704                 if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3705                     $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3706                     substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3707                         WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3708                              "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3709                 }
3710
3711 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
3712 #
3713 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3714 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3715 #       lines with a single string
3716 #       #defines that are a single string
3717 #       lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3718 #
3719 # There are 3 different line length message types:
3720 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3721 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3722 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3723 #
3724 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3725 #
3726
3727                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3728                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3729
3730                         # Check the allowed long line types first
3731
3732                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
3733                         # before $max_line_length
3734                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3735                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3736                                 $msg_type = "";
3737
3738                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3739                         # #defines with only strings
3740                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3741                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3742                                 $msg_type = "";
3743
3744                         # More special cases
3745                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3746                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3747                                 $msg_type = "";
3748
3749                         # URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3750                         } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3751                                 $msg_type = "";
3752
3753                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
3754
3755                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
3756                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3757                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3758                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3759
3760                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3761                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3762                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3763                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3764                         }
3765
3766                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3767                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3768                                 my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3769                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3770                                 &{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3771                                               "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3772                         }
3773                 }
3774
3775 # check for adding lines without a newline.
3776                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3777                         if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3778                                  "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3779                             $fix) {
3780                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3781                         }
3782                 }
3783
3784 # check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
3785                 if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
3786                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
3787                         WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
3788                              "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
3789                 }
3790
3791 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3792                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3793
3794 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3795 # more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3796                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3797                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3798                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3799                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
3800                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3801                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3802                             $fix) {
3803                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3804                         }
3805                 }
3806
3807 # check for space before tabs.
3808                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3809                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3810                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3811                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3812                             $fix) {
3813                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3814                                            s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3815                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3816                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3817                         }
3818                 }
3819
3820 # check for assignments on the start of a line
3821                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3822                         my $operator = $1;
3823                         if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3824                                 "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3825                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3826                                 # add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3827                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3828                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3829                         }
3830                 }
3831
3832 # check for && or || at the start of a line
3833                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3834                         my $operator = $1;
3835                         if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3836                                 "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3837                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3838                                 # insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3839                                 $prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3840                                 my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3841                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3842                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3843                         }
3844                 }
3845
3846 # check indentation starts on a tab stop
3847                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3848                     $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3849                         my $indent = length($1);
3850                         if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3851                                 if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3852                                          "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3853                                     $fix) {
3854                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3855                                 }
3856                         }
3857                 }
3858
3859 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3860                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
3861                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3862                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3863                         my $oldindent = $1;
3864                         my $rest = $2;
3865
3866                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3867                         if ($pos >= 0) {
3868                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3869                                 my $newindent = $2;
3870
3871                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3872                                         "\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3873                                         " "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3874                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3875
3876                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3877                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3878
3879                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3880                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3881                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3882                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3883                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3884                                         }
3885                                 }
3886                         }
3887                 }
3888
3889 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3890 # avoid checking a few false positives:
3891 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3892 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3893 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3894 #   multiline macros that define functions
3895 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3896                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3897                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3898                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3899                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3900                             $fix) {
3901                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3902                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3903                         }
3904                 }
3905
3906 # Block comment styles
3907 # Networking with an initial /*
3908                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3909                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3910                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3911                     $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
3912                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3913                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3914                 }
3915
3916 # Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3917                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3918                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&             #starting /*
3919                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
3920                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
3921                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
3922                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3923                              "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3924                 }
3925
3926 # Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3927                 if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
3928                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
3929                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
3930                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
3931                         WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3932                              "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3933                 }
3934
3935 # Block comment * alignment
3936                 if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&                 #ends in comment
3937                     $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&                   #leading comment
3938                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&                #leading *
3939                     (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&           #leading /*
3940                       $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||         #no trailing */
3941                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {          #leading *
3942                         my $oldindent;
3943                         $prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3944                         if (defined($1)) {
3945                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3946                         } else {
3947                                 $prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3948                                 $oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3949                         }
3950                         $rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3951                         my $newindent = $1;
3952                         $newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3953                         if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3954                                 WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3955                                      "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3956                         }
3957                 }
3958
3959 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3960 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3961                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3962                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3963                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3964                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:EXPORT_SYMBOL|early_param)/ ||
3965                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3966                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3967                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3968                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3969                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3970                       $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3971                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3972                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3973                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3974                             $fix) {
3975                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3976                         }
3977                 }
3978
3979 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3980                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3981                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3982                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3983                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3984                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3985                             $fix) {
3986                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3987                         }
3988
3989                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
3990                 }
3991
3992 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
3993 # (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
3994                 if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
3995                         # use temporaries
3996                         my $sl = $sline;
3997                         my $pl = $prevline;
3998                         # remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
3999                         $sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4000                         $pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4001                         if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4002                         # function pointer declarations
4003                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4004                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4005                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4006                         # known declaration macros
4007                              $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
4008                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
4009                             !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
4010                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
4011                               $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
4012                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
4013                               $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
4014                         # looks like a declaration
4015                             !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4016                         # function pointer declarations
4017                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4018                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4019                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4020                         # known declaration macros
4021                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
4022                         # start of struct or union or enum
4023                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
4024                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
4025                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
4026                         # bitfield continuation
4027                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
4028                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
4029                               $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
4030                                 if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
4031                                          "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4032                                     $fix) {
4033                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4034                                 }
4035                         }
4036                 }
4037
4038 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
4039 # Exceptions:
4040 #  1) within comments
4041 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
4042 #  3) hanging labels
4043                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
4044                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
4045                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
4046                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
4047                             $fix) {
4048                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
4049                         }
4050                 }
4051
4052 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
4053                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
4054
4055 # check for unusual line ending [ or (
4056                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
4057                         CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
4058                             "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
4059                 }
4060
4061 # check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
4062                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
4063                     $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
4064                         $context_function = $1;
4065                 }
4066
4067 # check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
4068                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
4069                         undef $context_function;
4070                 }
4071
4072 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
4073 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
4074 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
4075                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
4076                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
4077                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
4078                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
4079                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
4080                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
4081                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
4082                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
4083                         }
4084                 }
4085
4086 # check indentation of a line with a break;
4087 # if the previous line is a goto, return or break
4088 # and is indented the same # of tabs
4089                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
4090                         my $tabs = $1;
4091                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
4092                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
4093                                          "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
4094                                     $fix) {
4095                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4096                                 }
4097                         }
4098                 }
4099
4100 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
4101                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
4102                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
4103                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
4104                 }
4105
4106 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
4107                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
4108                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
4109                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
4110                 }
4111
4112 # Check for potential 'bare' types
4113                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
4114                     $realline_next);
4115 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
4116                 if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
4117                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
4118                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4119                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4120                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4121                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4122
4123 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
4124                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
4125                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
4126                         # until we hit end of it.
4127                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
4128                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
4129 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
4130                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
4131                         }
4132
4133                         # Find the real next line.
4134                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
4135                         if (defined $realline_next &&
4136                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
4137                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
4138                                 $realline_next++;
4139                         }
4140
4141                         my $s = $stat;
4142                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
4143
4144                         # Ignore goto labels.
4145                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
4146
4147                         # Ignore functions being called
4148                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4149
4150                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
4151
4152                         # declarations always start with types
4153                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
4154                                 my $type = $1;
4155                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4156                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
4157
4158                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
4159                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
4160                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
4161                         }
4162
4163                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
4164                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
4165                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
4166                         }
4167
4168                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
4169                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
4170                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
4171                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
4172                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
4173
4174                                 my $ctx = $s;
4175                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
4176                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
4177
4178                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
4179                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
4180
4181                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
4182                                         }
4183                                 }
4184                         }
4185
4186                 }
4187
4188 #
4189 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
4190 #
4191
4192 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
4193 # statements should be at the same indent.
4194                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
4195                         my $err = '';
4196                         my $sep = '';
4197                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
4198                         shift(@ctx);
4199                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
4200                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
4201                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
4202                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
4203                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
4204                                         $sep = '';
4205                                 } else {
4206                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
4207                                 }
4208                         }
4209                         if ($err ne '') {
4210                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
4211                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
4212                         }
4213                 }
4214
4215 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
4216 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
4217                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
4218                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4219
4220                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4221
4222                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4223                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4224                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4225                         }
4226
4227                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4228                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4229
4230                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4231                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4232
4233                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4234                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4235                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4236                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4237                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4238                                 $ctx_ln++;
4239                         }
4240
4241                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4242                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4243
4244                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4245                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4246                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4247                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4248                         }
4249                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4250                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4251                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4252                         {
4253                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4254                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
4255                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4256                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4257                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4258                                 }
4259                         }
4260                 }
4261
4262 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4263                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4264                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4265                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4266                                         if (!defined $stat);
4267                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4268
4269                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4270
4271                         # remove inline comments
4272                         $s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4273                         $c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4274
4275                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4276                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4277                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4278
4279                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4280                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4281                         # where necessary.
4282                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4283                         while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4284                                 $cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4285                         }
4286
4287                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
4288                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4289                         #  1) any blank line termination
4290                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4291                         #  3) any do (...) {
4292                         my $continuation = 0;
4293                         my $check = 0;
4294                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4295                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4296                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4297                                 $continuation = 1;
4298                         }
4299                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4300                                 $check = 1;
4301                                 $cond_lines++;
4302                         }
4303
4304                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4305                         # preprocessor statement.
4306                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4307                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4308                                 $check = 0;
4309                         }
4310
4311                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
4312                         $continuation = 0;
4313                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4314                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4315
4316                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4317                                 # is not linear.
4318                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4319                                         $check = 0;
4320                                 }
4321
4322                                 # Ignore:
4323                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4324                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
4325                                 #  3) labels.
4326                                 if ($continuation ||
4327                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4328                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4329                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4330                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4331                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4332                                                 $cond_lines++;
4333                                         }
4334                                 }
4335                         }
4336
4337                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4338                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4339
4340                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4341                         # this is not this patch's fault.
4342                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4343                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4344                                 $check = 0;
4345                         }
4346                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4347                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4348                         }
4349
4350                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4351
4352                         if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4353                             (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4354                              ($sindent < $indent) ||
4355                              ($sindent == $indent &&
4356                               ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4357                              ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4358                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4359                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4360                         }
4361                 }
4362
4363                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4364                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4365                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4366                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4367                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4368                 if ($dbg_values) {
4369                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4370                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4371                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4372                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4373                 }
4374                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4375
4376 #ignore lines not being added
4377                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4378
4379 # check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4380 # e.g.: int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4381 #       struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4382                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4383                         my $var = $1;
4384                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4385                                 WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4386                                      "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4387                         }
4388                 }
4389
4390 # check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4391                 if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4392                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4393                         $prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4394                         my $ref = $1;
4395                         $line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4396                         $ref .= $1;
4397                         $ref =~ s/\s//g;
4398                         WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4399                              "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4400                 }
4401
4402 # check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4403                 while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4404                         my $type = $1;
4405                         my $var = $2;
4406                         $var = "" if (!defined $var);
4407                         if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4408                                 my $sign = $1;
4409                                 my $pointer = $2;
4410
4411                                 $pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4412
4413                                 if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4414                                          "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4415                                     $fix) {
4416                                         my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4417                                         my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4418                                         $comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4419                                         $decl .= $comp_pointer;
4420                                         $decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4421                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4422                                 }
4423                         }
4424                 }
4425
4426 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4427                 if ($dbg_type) {
4428                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4429                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4430                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4431                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4432                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4433                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4434                         }
4435                         next;
4436                 }
4437 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4438                 if ($dbg_attr) {
4439                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4440                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4441                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4442                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4443                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4444                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4445                         }
4446                         next;
4447                 }
4448
4449 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4450                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4451                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4452                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4453                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4454                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4455                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4456                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4457                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4458                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4459                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4460                                 $fixedline = $line;
4461                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4462                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4463                         }
4464                 }
4465
4466 #
4467 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4468 #
4469
4470 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4471                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4472                         my $path = $1;
4473                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4474                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4475                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4476                         }
4477                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4478                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4479                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4480                         }
4481                 }
4482
4483 # no C99 // comments
4484                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4485                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4486                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4487                             $fix) {
4488                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4489                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4490                                         my $comment = trim($1);
4491                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4492                                 }
4493                         }
4494                 }
4495                 # Remove C99 comments.
4496                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
4497                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4498
4499 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4500 # the whole statement.
4501 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4502                 if (defined $realline_next &&
4503                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4504                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4505                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4506                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4507                         # a prefix:
4508                         #   XXX(foo);
4509                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4510                         my $name = $1;
4511                         $name =~ s/^\s*($Ident).*/$1/;
4512                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4513                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4514 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4515                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4516
4517                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4518                                 \n.}\s*$|
4519                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4520                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4521                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4522                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4523                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4524                             )/x) {
4525 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4526                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4527                         } else {
4528                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4529                         }
4530                 }
4531                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4532                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4533                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4534 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4535                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4536                 }
4537                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4538                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4539                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4540                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4541                 }
4542
4543 # check for global initialisers.
4544                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
4545                     !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
4546                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4547                                   "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4548                             $fix) {
4549                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4550                         }
4551                 }
4552 # check for static initialisers.
4553                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4554                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4555                                   "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4556                                       $herecurr) &&
4557                             $fix) {
4558                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4559                         }
4560                 }
4561
4562 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4563                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4564                         my $tmp = trim($1);
4565                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4566                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4567                 }
4568
4569 # check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4570                 while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4571                         my $type = trim($1);
4572                         next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4573                         next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4574                         my $new_type = $type;
4575                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4576                         $new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4577                         $new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4578                         $new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4579                         $new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4580                         $new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4581                         $new_type = trim($new_type);
4582                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4583                                  "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4584                             $fix) {
4585                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4586                         }
4587                 }
4588
4589 # check for static const char * arrays.
4590                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4591                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4592                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4593                                 $herecurr);
4594                 }
4595
4596 # check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4597                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4598                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4599                                  "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4600                             $fix) {
4601                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4602                         }
4603                 }
4604
4605 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4606                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4607                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4608                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4609                                 $herecurr);
4610                 }
4611
4612 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4613                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4614                         my $found = $1;
4615                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4616                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4617                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4618                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4619                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
4620                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4621                         }
4622                 }
4623
4624 # check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4625 # prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4626                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4627                     $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4628                         if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4629                                  "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4630                             $fix) {
4631                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4632                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4633                         }
4634                 }
4635
4636 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4637                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4638                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4639                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4640                                 $herecurr);
4641                 }
4642
4643 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4644                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4645                         my $array = $1;
4646                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4647                                 my $array_div = $1;
4648                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4649                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4650                                     $fix) {
4651                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4652                                 }
4653                         }
4654                 }
4655
4656 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4657                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4658                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4659                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4660                             $fix) {
4661                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4662                         }
4663                 }
4664
4665 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4666 # make sense.
4667                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4668                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4669                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4670                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4671                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4672                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4673                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4674                 }
4675
4676 # * goes on variable not on type
4677                 # (char*[ const])
4678                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4679                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
4680                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4681
4682                         # Should start with a space.
4683                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4684                         # Should not end with a space.
4685                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4686                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4687                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4688                         }
4689
4690 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4691                         if ($from ne $to) {
4692                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4693                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4694                                     $fix) {
4695                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
4696                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
4697                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4698                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4699                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4700                                 }
4701                         }
4702                 }
4703                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4704                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
4705                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4706
4707                         # Should start with a space.
4708                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4709                         # Should not end with a space.
4710                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
4711                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
4712                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4713                         }
4714                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
4715                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4716
4717 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4718                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4719                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4720                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4721                                     $fix) {
4722
4723                                         my $sub_from = $match;
4724                                         my $sub_to = $match;
4725                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4726                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4727                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4728                                 }
4729                         }
4730                 }
4731
4732 # avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
4733                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
4734                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4735                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4736                         &{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4737                                       "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
4738                 }
4739
4740 # avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4741                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4742                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4743                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4744                 }
4745
4746 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4747                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4748                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4749                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4750                 }
4751
4752 # printk should use KERN_* levels
4753                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4754                         WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4755                              "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4756                 }
4757
4758 # prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4759                 if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4760                         my $printk = $1;
4761                         my $modifier = $2;
4762                         my $orig = $3;
4763                         $modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4764                         my $level = lc($orig);
4765                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4766                         my $level2 = $level;
4767                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4768                         $level .= $modifier;
4769                         $level2 .= $modifier;
4770                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4771                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4772                 }
4773
4774 # prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4775                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4776                         my $orig = $1;
4777                         my $level = lc($orig);
4778                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4779                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4780                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4781                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4782                 }
4783
4784 # trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4785                 if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4786                         WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4787                              "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4788                 }
4789
4790 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4791 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4792 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4793                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4794                         WARN("ENOSYS",
4795                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4796                 }
4797
4798 # ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4799 # Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4800 # Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4801                 if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4802                         if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4803                                  "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4804                             $fix) {
4805                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4806                         }
4807                 }
4808
4809 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4810 # or if closed on same line
4811                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
4812                     $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4813                     $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4814                     $sline !~ /}/) {
4815                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4816                                   "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4817                             $fix) {
4818                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4819                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4820                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4821                                 my $line1 = $1;
4822                                 my $line2 = $2;
4823                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4824                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4825                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4826                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4827                                 }
4828                         }
4829                 }
4830
4831 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4832                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4833                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4834                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4835                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4836                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4837                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4838                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4839                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4840                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4841                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4842                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4843                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4844                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4845                                 }
4846                         }
4847                 }
4848
4849 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4850                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4851                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4852                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4853                             $fix) {
4854                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4855                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4856                         }
4857                 }
4858
4859 # Function pointer declarations
4860 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4861 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4862                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4863                         my $declare = $1;
4864                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4865                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4866                         my $funcname = $4;
4867                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4868                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
4869
4870 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4871 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4872 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4873                         my $post_declare_space = "";
4874                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4875                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
4876                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
4877                         }
4878                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4879                                 WARN("SPACING",
4880                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4881                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
4882                         }
4883
4884 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4885 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4886 # equivalent to
4887 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
4888 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4889 #
4890 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4891 #                               WARN("SPACING",
4892 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4893 #                       }
4894
4895 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4896                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4897                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4898                                 WARN("SPACING",
4899                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4900                         }
4901
4902 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4903                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4904                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4905                                 WARN("SPACING",
4906                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4907                         }
4908
4909 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4910                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4911                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4912                                 WARN("SPACING",
4913                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4914                         }
4915
4916 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4917                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4918                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4919                                 WARN("SPACING",
4920                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4921                         }
4922
4923                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4924                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4925                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4926                         }
4927                 }
4928
4929 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4930 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4931 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4932 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4933                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4934                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4935                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4936                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4937                             $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4938                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4939                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4940                                     $fix) {
4941                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4942                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4943                                 }
4944                         }
4945                 }
4946
4947 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4948                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4949                         my $name = $1;
4950                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4951                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4952
4953                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4954                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
4955                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4956                                 volatile|__volatile__|
4957                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
4958                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
4959                         {
4960                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4961                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
4962                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4963                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4964
4965                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4966                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4967
4968                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
4969                         # likely a typedef for a function.
4970                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4971
4972                         } else {
4973                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
4974                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4975                                              $fix) {
4976                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4977                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4978                                 }
4979                         }
4980                 }
4981
4982 # Check operator spacing.
4983                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4984                         my $fixed_line = "";
4985                         my $line_fixed = 0;
4986
4987                         my $ops = qr{
4988                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4989                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4990                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4991                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4992                                 \?:|\?|:
4993                         }x;
4994                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4995
4996 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4997 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
4998 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
4999 ##                      }
5000
5001                         my @fix_elements = ();
5002                         my $off = 0;
5003
5004                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
5005                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
5006                                 $off += length($el);
5007                         }
5008
5009                         $off = 0;
5010
5011                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
5012                         my $last_after = -1;
5013
5014                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
5015
5016                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
5017
5018 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
5019
5020                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
5021
5022                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
5023                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
5024                                 my $cc = '';
5025                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
5026                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
5027                                 }
5028                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
5029
5030                                 my $a = '';
5031                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
5032                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
5033                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
5034                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
5035                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
5036                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
5037
5038                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
5039
5040                                 my $c = '';
5041                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
5042                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
5043                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
5044                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
5045                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
5046                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
5047                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
5048                                 } else {
5049                                         $c = 'E';
5050                                 }
5051
5052                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
5053
5054                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
5055
5056                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
5057                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
5058
5059                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
5060                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
5061
5062                                 # Get the full operator variant.
5063                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
5064
5065                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
5066                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
5067                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
5068
5069 #                               # Ignore comments
5070 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
5071
5072                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
5073                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
5074                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
5075                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
5076                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5077                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5078                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5079                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5080                                                 }
5081                                         }
5082
5083                                 # // is a comment
5084                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
5085
5086                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
5087                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
5088                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
5089
5090                                 # No spaces for:
5091                                 #   ->
5092                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
5093                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
5094                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5095                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5096                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5097                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5098                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5099                                                         }
5100                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5101                                                 }
5102                                         }
5103
5104                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
5105                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
5106                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
5107                                         my $space_after = 0;
5108                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5109                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5110                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5111                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5112                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
5113                                                 }
5114                                         }
5115                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
5116                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5117                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5118                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5119                                                         $last_after = $n;
5120                                                         $space_after = 1;
5121                                                 }
5122                                         }
5123                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
5124                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
5125                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5126                                                 } else {
5127                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5128                                                 }
5129                                                 if ($space_after) {
5130                                                         $good .= " ";
5131                                                 }
5132                                         }
5133
5134                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
5135                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
5136                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
5137
5138                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
5139                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
5140                                 # unary operator, or a cast
5141                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
5142                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
5143                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
5144                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
5145                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5146                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5147                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
5148                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5149                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5150                                                         }
5151                                                 }
5152                                         }
5153                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
5154                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
5155
5156                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
5157                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5158                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5159                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5160                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5161                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5162                                                         }
5163                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5164                                                 }
5165                                         }
5166
5167                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
5168                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
5169                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
5170                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5171                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5172                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5173                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5174                                                 }
5175                                         }
5176                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
5177                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
5178                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5179                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5180                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5181                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5182                                                 }
5183                                         }
5184                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
5185                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5186                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5187                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5188                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5189                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5190                                                         }
5191                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5192                                                 }
5193                                         }
5194
5195                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
5196                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
5197                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
5198                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
5199                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
5200                                          $op eq '%')
5201                                 {
5202                                         if ($check) {
5203                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
5204                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
5205                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5206                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5207                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5208                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5209                                                         }
5210                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
5211                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
5212                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5213                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5214                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
5215                                                         }
5216                                                 }
5217                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
5218                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5219                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5220                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5221                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5222                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5223                                                         }
5224                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5225                                                 }
5226                                         }
5227
5228                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5229                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
5230                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5231                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
5232                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
5233                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5234                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5235                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5236                                                 }
5237                                         }
5238
5239                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
5240                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5241                                         my $ok = 0;
5242
5243                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5244                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
5245                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5246                                             ($op eq '>' &&
5247                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5248                                         {
5249                                                 $ok = 1;
5250                                         }
5251
5252                                         # for asm volatile statements
5253                                         # ignore a colon with another
5254                                         # colon immediately before or after
5255                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
5256                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5257                                                 $ok = 1;
5258                                         }
5259
5260                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5261                                         if ($ok == 0) {
5262                                                 my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5263                                                 $msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5264
5265                                                 if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5266                                                                   "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5267                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5268                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5269                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5270                                                         }
5271                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
5272                                                 }
5273                                         }
5274                                 }
5275                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5276
5277 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5278
5279                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5280                         }
5281
5282                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5283                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5284                         }
5285
5286                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5287                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5288                         }
5289
5290
5291                 }
5292
5293 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5294                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5295                         if (WARN("SPACING",
5296                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5297                             $fix) {
5298                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5299                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5300                         }
5301                 }
5302
5303 # check for multiple assignments
5304                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5305                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5306                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5307                 }
5308
5309 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5310 ## # continuation.
5311 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5312 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5313 ##
5314 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5315 ##                      # falsely report the parameters of functions.
5316 ##                      my $ln = $line;
5317 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5318 ##                      }
5319 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5320 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5321 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5322 ##                      }
5323 ##              }
5324
5325 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
5326                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5327                     $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5328                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5329                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5330                             $fix) {
5331                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5332                         }
5333                 }
5334
5335 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
5336 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5337 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5338 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
5339 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5340 ##              }
5341 ##
5342
5343 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5344 # on the line
5345                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5346                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5347                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5348                             $fix) {
5349                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5350                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5351                         }
5352                 }
5353
5354 # check spacing on square brackets
5355                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5356                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5357                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5358                             $fix) {
5359                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5360                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
5361                         }
5362                 }
5363                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5364                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5365                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5366                             $fix) {
5367                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5368                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
5369                         }
5370                 }
5371
5372 # check spacing on parentheses
5373                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5374                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5375                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5376                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5377                             $fix) {
5378                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5379                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
5380                         }
5381                 }
5382                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5383                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5384                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5385                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5386                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5387                             $fix) {
5388                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5389                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
5390                         }
5391                 }
5392
5393 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5394 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5395
5396                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5397                         my $var = $1;
5398                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5399                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5400                             $fix) {
5401                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5402                         }
5403                 }
5404
5405 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5406 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5407 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5408                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5409                         my $var = $2;
5410                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5411                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5412                             $fix) {
5413                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5414                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5415                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5416                         }
5417                 }
5418
5419 # check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5420 # when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5421                 if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5422                     $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5423                     $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5424                         my $if_stat = $1;
5425                         my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5426                         my $herectx;
5427                         while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5428                                 my $match = $1;
5429                                 # avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5430                                 next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5431                                 if (!defined($herectx)) {
5432                                         $herectx = $here . "\n";
5433                                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5434                                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5435                                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5436                                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5437                                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5438                                         }
5439                                 }
5440                                 CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5441                                     "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5442                         }
5443                 }
5444
5445 # check that goto labels aren't indented (allow a single space indentation)
5446 # and ignore bitfield definitions like foo:1
5447 # Strictly, labels can have whitespace after the identifier and before the :
5448 # but this is not allowed here as many ?: uses would appear to be labels
5449                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*:(?!\s*\d+)/ &&
5450                     $sline !~ /^. [A-Za-z\d_][A-Za-z\d_]*:/ &&
5451                     $sline !~ /^.\s+default:/) {
5452                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5453                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5454                             $fix) {
5455                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5456                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5457                         }
5458                 }
5459
5460 # check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5461 #       foo = bar(),    /* comma should be semicolon */
5462 #       bar = baz();
5463                 if (defined($stat) &&
5464                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5465                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5466                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5467                         WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5468                              "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5469                 }
5470
5471 # return is not a function
5472                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5473                         my $spacing = $1;
5474                         if ($perl_version_ok &&
5475                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5476                                 my $value = $1;
5477                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
5478                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5479                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5480                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5481                                 }
5482                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5483                                 ERROR("SPACING",
5484                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5485                         }
5486                 }
5487
5488 # unnecessary return in a void function
5489 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5490 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5491                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5492                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5493                     $linenr >= 3 &&
5494                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5495                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5496                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5497                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5498                 }
5499
5500 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5501                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5502                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5503                         my $openparens = $1;
5504                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5505                         my $msg = "";
5506                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5507                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5508                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5509                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5510                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5511                         }
5512                 }
5513
5514 # comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5515 #       avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5516 #       only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5517 #       conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5518                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5519                     $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5520                         my $lead = $1;
5521                         my $const = $2;
5522                         my $comp = $3;
5523                         my $to = $4;
5524                         my $newcomp = $comp;
5525                         if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5526                             $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5527                             WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5528                                  "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5529                             $fix) {
5530                                 if ($comp eq "<") {
5531                                         $newcomp = ">";
5532                                 } elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5533                                         $newcomp = ">=";
5534                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5535                                         $newcomp = "<";
5536                                 } elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5537                                         $newcomp = "<=";
5538                                 }
5539                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5540                         }
5541                 }
5542
5543 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5544                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5545                         my $name = $1;
5546                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR' && $name !~ /^EPOLL/) {
5547                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5548                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5549                         }
5550                 }
5551
5552 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5553                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5554                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
5555                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5556                             $fix) {
5557                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5558                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5559                         }
5560                 }
5561
5562 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5563 # statements after the conditional.
5564                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5565                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5566                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5567                                         if (!defined $stat);
5568                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5569                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
5570                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5571                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5572
5573                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5574                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
5575                                 # then count those as offsets.
5576                                 my ($whitespace) =
5577                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5578                                 my $offset =
5579                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5580
5581                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5582                                                                 $offset} = 1;
5583                         }
5584                 }
5585                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5586                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5587                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5588                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
5589                         my $fixed_assign_in_if = 0;
5590
5591                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5592                                 if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5593                                           "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5594                                     $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5595                                         if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5596                                                 my $space = $1;
5597                                                 my $not = $2;
5598                                                 my $statement = $3;
5599                                                 my $assigned = $4;
5600                                                 my $test = $8;
5601                                                 my $against = $9;
5602                                                 my $brace = $15;
5603                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5604                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5605                                                 my $newline = "${space}if (";
5606                                                 $newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5607                                                 $newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5608                                                 $newline .= "$assigned";
5609                                                 $newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5610                                                 $newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5611                                                 $newline .= ')';
5612                                                 $newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5613                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
5614                                                 $fixed_assign_in_if = 1;
5615                                         }
5616                                 }
5617                         }
5618
5619                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5620                         # conditional.
5621                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5622                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5623                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5624                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5625                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5626                         {
5627                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5628                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5629                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5630                                 my $stat_real = '';
5631
5632                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5633                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5634                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5635                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5636                                 }
5637
5638                                 if (ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5639                                           "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real) &&
5640                                     !$fixed_assign_in_if &&
5641                                     $cond_lines == 0 &&
5642                                     $fix && $perl_version_ok &&
5643                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ /^\+(\s*)((?:if|while|for)\s*$balanced_parens)\s*(.*)$/) {
5644                                         my $indent = $1;
5645                                         my $test = $2;
5646                                         my $rest = rtrim($4);
5647                                         if ($rest =~ /;$/) {
5648                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+$indent$test";
5649                                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, "$indent\t$rest");
5650                                         }
5651                                 }
5652                         }
5653                 }
5654
5655 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5656                 if ($line =~ /
5657                         (?:
5658                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5659                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5660                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5661                         |
5662                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
5663                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5664                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5665                         )/x)
5666                 {
5667                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5668                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5669                 }
5670
5671 # if and else should not have general statements after it
5672                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5673                         my $s = $1;
5674                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
5675                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5676                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5677                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5678                         }
5679                 }
5680 # if should not continue a brace
5681                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5682                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5683                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5684                                 $herecurr);
5685                 }
5686 # case and default should not have general statements after them
5687                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5688                     $line !~ /\G(?:
5689                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5690                         \s*return\s+
5691                     )/xg)
5692                 {
5693                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5694                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5695                 }
5696
5697                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5698                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
5699                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5700                     $previndent == $indent) {
5701                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5702                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5703                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5704                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5705                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5706                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5707                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5708                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5709                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5710                                 }
5711                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
5712                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5713                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5714                         }
5715                 }
5716
5717                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5718                     $previndent == $indent) {
5719                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5720
5721                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5722                         # conditional.
5723                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5724                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5725
5726                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5727                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5728                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5729                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5730                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5731                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5732                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5733                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
5734                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5735                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
5736                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5737                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5738                                 }
5739                         }
5740                 }
5741
5742 #Specific variable tests
5743                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5744                         my $var = $1;
5745
5746 #CamelCase
5747                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5748                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5749 #Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5750                             $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5751 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
5752                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5753 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5754 #(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5755                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5756 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5757                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5758                                 while ($var =~ m{\b($Ident)}g) {
5759                                         my $word = $1;
5760                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5761                                         if ($check) {
5762                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
5763                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5764                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5765                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5766                                                 }
5767                                         }
5768                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5769                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
5770                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
5771                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5772                                         }
5773                                 }
5774                         }
5775                 }
5776
5777 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
5778                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5779                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5780                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5781                             $fix) {
5782                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5783                         }
5784                 }
5785
5786 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5787 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5788                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5789                         my $file = "$1.h";
5790                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5791                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5792                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5793                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5794                         {
5795                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5796                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
5797                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5798                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5799                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5800                                         } else {
5801                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5802                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5803                                         }
5804                                 }
5805                         }
5806                 }
5807
5808 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5809 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5810 # in a known good container
5811                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5812                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5813                         my $ln = $linenr;
5814                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5815                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5816                         my $ctx = '';
5817                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5818                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5819                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5820                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5821                         $ctx = $dstat;
5822                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5823                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5824
5825                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5826                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5827
5828                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5829                         my $define_args = $1;
5830                         my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5831                         my @def_args = ();
5832
5833                         if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5834                                 $define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5835                                 $define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5836                                 $define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5837                                 @def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5838                         }
5839
5840                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5841                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5842                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5843                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5844
5845                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
5846                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5847                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5848                                $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5849                         {
5850                         }
5851
5852                         # Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5853                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5854                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5855                         {
5856                         }
5857
5858                         # Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5859                         $dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5860
5861                         my $exceptions = qr{
5862                                 $Declare|
5863                                 module_param_named|
5864                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5865                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5866                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5867                                 __typeof__\(|
5868                                 union|
5869                                 struct|
5870                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5871                                 ^\"|\"$|
5872                                 ^\[
5873                         }x;
5874                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5875
5876                         $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5877                         my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5878                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5879
5880                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
5881                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
5882                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
5883                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5884                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
5885                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5886                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
5887                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
5888                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5889                             $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&           # while (...) {...}
5890                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
5891                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
5892                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
5893                             $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&                                                # ({...
5894                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5895                         {
5896                                 if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5897                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5898                                               "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5899                                 } elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5900                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5901                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5902                                 } else {
5903                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5904                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5905                                 }
5906
5907                         }
5908
5909                         # Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5910                         my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5911                         my $first = 1;
5912                         $define_stmt = "";
5913                         foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5914                                 $l =~ s/\\$//;
5915                                 if ($first) {
5916                                         $define_stmt = $l;
5917                                         $first = 0;
5918                                 } elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5919                                         $define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5920                                 }
5921                         }
5922                         $define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5923                         $define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5924                         $define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5925
5926 # check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5927                         foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5928                                 next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5929                                 next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5930                                 my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5931                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5932                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5933                                 $tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5934                                 my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5935                                 if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5936                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5937                                             "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5938                                     }
5939 # check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5940                                 if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5941                                     ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5942                                      (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5943                                         CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5944                                             "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5945                                 }
5946                         }
5947
5948 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5949 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5950                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5951                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5952                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5953
5954                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5955                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5956                         }
5957
5958 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5959
5960                 } else {
5961                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5962                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
5963                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
5964                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5965                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5966                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5967                         }
5968                 }
5969
5970 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
5971 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5972 # macro should not end with a semicolon
5973                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
5974                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5975                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5976                         my $ln = $linenr;
5977                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
5978                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5979                         my $ctx = '';
5980                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5981                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5982                         $ctx = $dstat;
5983
5984                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5985                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5986
5987                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5988                                 my $stmts = $2;
5989                                 my $semis = $3;
5990
5991                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5992                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5993                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5994
5995                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5996                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5997                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5998                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5999                                 }
6000                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
6001                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6002                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
6003                                 }
6004                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
6005                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6006                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6007                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6008
6009                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6010                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
6011                         }
6012                 }
6013
6014 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
6015                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
6016                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6017                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
6018                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
6019                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
6020                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
6021                                 my @allowed = ();
6022                                 my $allow = 0;
6023                                 my $seen = 0;
6024                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6025                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
6026                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
6027                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
6028
6029                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
6030                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
6031                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
6032
6033                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
6034                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
6035
6036                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
6037                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
6038
6039                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
6040                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
6041
6042                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6043
6044                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
6045
6046                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
6047                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6048                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6049                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6050                                         }
6051                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6052                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6053                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6054                                         }
6055                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6056                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6057                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
6058                                         }
6059                                         $allow++;
6060                                 }
6061                                 if ($seen) {
6062                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
6063                                         foreach (@allowed) {
6064                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
6065                                         }
6066                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
6067                                                 WARN("BRACES",
6068                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6069                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
6070                                                  $seen != $allow) {
6071                                                 CHK("BRACES",
6072                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6073                                         }
6074                                 }
6075                         }
6076                 }
6077                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
6078                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
6079                         my $allowed = 0;
6080
6081                         # Check the pre-context.
6082                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
6083                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
6084                                 $allowed = 1;
6085                         }
6086
6087                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6088                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
6089
6090                         # Check the condition.
6091                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
6092                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
6093                         if (defined $cond) {
6094                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6095                         }
6096                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6097                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6098                                 $allowed = 1;
6099                         }
6100                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6101                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6102                                 $allowed = 1;
6103                         }
6104                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6105                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6106                                 $allowed = 1;
6107                         }
6108                         # Check the post-context.
6109                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
6110                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
6111                                 if (defined $cond) {
6112                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6113                                 }
6114                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
6115                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
6116                                         $allowed = 1;
6117                                 }
6118                         }
6119                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
6120                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
6121                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6122
6123                                 WARN("BRACES",
6124                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
6125                         }
6126                 }
6127
6128 # check for single line unbalanced braces
6129                 if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
6130                     $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
6131                         CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
6132                 }
6133
6134 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
6135                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
6136                         if (CHK("BRACES",
6137                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6138                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
6139                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6140                         }
6141                 }
6142                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
6143                         if (CHK("BRACES",
6144                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6145                             $fix) {
6146                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6147                         }
6148                 }
6149
6150 # no volatiles please
6151                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
6152                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
6153                         WARN("VOLATILE",
6154                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6155                 }
6156
6157 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
6158 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
6159 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
6160 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
6161                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
6162                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
6163                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
6164                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
6165                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
6166                                      $fix &&
6167                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
6168                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
6169                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6170                                 my $comma_close = "";
6171                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
6172                                         $comma_close = $1;
6173                                 }
6174
6175                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6176                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6177                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
6178                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
6179                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
6180                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
6181                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
6182                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
6183                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
6184                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
6185                                 }
6186                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
6187                         }
6188                 }
6189
6190 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
6191                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
6192                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
6193                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
6194                 }
6195
6196 # check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
6197 # This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
6198 # context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
6199 # function declarations
6200                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
6201                     defined($context_function) &&
6202                     get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
6203                     length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
6204                         WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
6205                              "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
6206                 }
6207
6208 # check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
6209 # This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
6210 # 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
6211                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
6212                         if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
6213                                  "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
6214                             $fix) {
6215                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6216                         }
6217                 }
6218
6219 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
6220                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
6221                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
6222                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
6223                             $fix) {
6224                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
6225                         }
6226
6227                 }
6228
6229 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
6230                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ ||
6231                     ($line =~ /([A-Za-z0-9_]+)$String/ && $1 !~ /^[Lu]$/)) {
6232                         if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
6233                                 "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
6234                             $fix) {
6235                                 while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
6236                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6237                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
6238                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
6239                                 }
6240                         }
6241                 }
6242
6243 # uncoalesced string fragments
6244                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*[Lu]?"/) {
6245                         if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
6246                                  "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
6247                             $fix) {
6248                                 while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6249                                         my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6250                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6251                                 }
6252                         }
6253                 }
6254
6255 # check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6256                 my $show_L = 1; #don't show the same defect twice
6257                 my $show_Z = 1;
6258                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6259                         my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6260                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6261                         # check for %L
6262                         if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6263                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
6264                                      "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6265                                 $show_L = 0;
6266                         }
6267                         # check for %Z
6268                         if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6269                                 WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6270                                      "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6271                                 $show_Z = 0;
6272                         }
6273                         # check for 0x<decimal>
6274                         if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6275                                 ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6276                                       "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6277                         }
6278                 }
6279
6280 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6281                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6282                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6283                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6284                 }
6285
6286 # warn about #if 0
6287                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6288                         WARN("IF_0",
6289                              "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6290                 }
6291
6292 # warn about #if 1
6293                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6294                         WARN("IF_1",
6295                              "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6296                 }
6297
6298 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6299                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6300                         my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6301                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6302                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6303                                 my $func = $1;
6304                                 if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6305                                          "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6306                                     $fix) {
6307                                         my $do_fix = 1;
6308                                         my $leading_tabs = "";
6309                                         my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6310                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6311                                                 $leading_tabs = $1;
6312                                         } else {
6313                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6314                                         }
6315                                         if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6316                                                 $new_leading_tabs = $1;
6317                                                 if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6318                                                         $do_fix = 0;
6319                                                 }
6320                                         } else {
6321                                                 $do_fix = 0;
6322                                         }
6323                                         if ($do_fix) {
6324                                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6325                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6326                                         }
6327                                 }
6328                         }
6329                 }
6330
6331 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6332                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6333                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6334                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6335                     $linenr > 3) {
6336                         my $testval = $2;
6337                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6338
6339                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6340 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6341
6342                         if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6343                             $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6344                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6345                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6346                         }
6347                 }
6348
6349 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6350                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6351                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6352                         my $level = $1;
6353                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6354                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6355                             $fix) {
6356                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6357                         }
6358                 }
6359
6360 # check for logging continuations
6361                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6362                         WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6363                              "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6364                 }
6365
6366 # check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6367                 if (defined $stat &&
6368                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6369                     index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6370                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6371                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6372                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6373                         pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6374                         while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6375                                 my $pspec = $1;
6376                                 my $h = $2;
6377                                 my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6378                                 if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6379                                          "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6380                                     $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6381                                         my $nspec = $pspec;
6382                                         $nspec =~ s/h//g;
6383                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6384                                 }
6385                         }
6386                 }
6387
6388 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6389                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6390                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6391                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6392                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6393                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6394                 }
6395
6396 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6397                 if ($perl_version_ok) {
6398                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6399                                 my $val = $1;
6400                                 my $equal = "!";
6401                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6402                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6403                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6404                                             $fix) {
6405                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6406                                 }
6407                         }
6408                 }
6409
6410 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6411                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6412                         my $attr = $1;
6413                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6414                                 my $ptr = $1;
6415                                 my $var = $2;
6416                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6417                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6418                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6419                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6420                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6421                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6422                                     $fix) {
6423                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6424                                 }
6425                         }
6426                 }
6427
6428 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6429                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6430                         my $attr = $1;
6431                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6432                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
6433                         my $attr_type = $2;
6434                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6435                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6436                             $fix) {
6437                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6438                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6439                         }
6440                 }
6441
6442 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6443                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6444                         my $attr = $1;
6445                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6446                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6447                             $fix) {
6448                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6449                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6450                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
6451                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6452                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
6453                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6454                         }
6455                 }
6456
6457 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6458                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6459                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6460                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6461                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6462                             $fix) {
6463                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6464                         }
6465                 }
6466
6467 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6468                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6469                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6470                         my $constant_func = $1;
6471                         my $func = $constant_func;
6472                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6473                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6474                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6475                             $fix) {
6476                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6477                         }
6478                 }
6479
6480 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
6481                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6482                         my $delay = $1;
6483                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
6484                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6485                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6486                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6487                         }
6488                         if ($delay > 2000) {
6489                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6490                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
6491                         }
6492                 }
6493
6494 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6495                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6496                         if ($1 < 20) {
6497                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
6498                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6499                         }
6500                 }
6501
6502 # check for comparisons of jiffies
6503                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6504                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6505                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6506                 }
6507
6508 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6509                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6510                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6511                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6512                 }
6513
6514 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
6515 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6516 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6517 #                       print "$herecurr";
6518 #                       $clean = 0;
6519 #               }
6520
6521 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6522                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6523                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
6524                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6525                             $fix) {
6526                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6527                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6528                         }
6529
6530                 }
6531
6532 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6533                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6534                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6535                         my $which = $1;
6536                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6537                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6538                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6539                         }
6540                 }
6541 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
6542
6543                 my $barriers = qr{
6544                         mb|
6545                         rmb|
6546                         wmb
6547                 }x;
6548                 my $barrier_stems = qr{
6549                         mb__before_atomic|
6550                         mb__after_atomic|
6551                         store_release|
6552                         load_acquire|
6553                         store_mb|
6554                         (?:$barriers)
6555                 }x;
6556                 my $all_barriers = qr{
6557                         (?:$barriers)|
6558                         smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6559                         virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6560                 }x;
6561
6562                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6563                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6564                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6565                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6566                         }
6567                 }
6568
6569                 my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6570
6571                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6572                     $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6573                     $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6574                     $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6575                         WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6576                              "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6577                 }
6578
6579 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6580                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6581                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6582                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6583                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6584                         }
6585                 }
6586
6587 # check for data_race without a comment.
6588                 if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6589                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6590                                 WARN("DATA_RACE",
6591                                      "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6592                         }
6593                 }
6594
6595 # check of hardware specific defines
6596                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6597                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6598                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6599                 }
6600
6601 # check that the storage class is not after a type
6602                 if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6603                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6604                              "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6605                 }
6606 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6607                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6608                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6609                     $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6610                     $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6611                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6612                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6613                 }
6614
6615 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6616 # storage class and type.
6617                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6618                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6619                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6620                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6621                 }
6622
6623 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6624                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6625                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6626                         if (WARN("INLINE",
6627                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6628                             $fix) {
6629                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6630
6631                         }
6632                 }
6633
6634 # Check for compiler attributes
6635                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6636                     $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6637                         my $attr = $1;
6638                         $attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6639
6640                         my %attr_list = (
6641                                 "alias"                         => "__alias",
6642                                 "aligned"                       => "__aligned",
6643                                 "always_inline"                 => "__always_inline",
6644                                 "assume_aligned"                => "__assume_aligned",
6645                                 "cold"                          => "__cold",
6646                                 "const"                         => "__attribute_const__",
6647                                 "copy"                          => "__copy",
6648                                 "designated_init"               => "__designated_init",
6649                                 "externally_visible"            => "__visible",
6650                                 "format"                        => "printf|scanf",
6651                                 "gnu_inline"                    => "__gnu_inline",
6652                                 "malloc"                        => "__malloc",
6653                                 "mode"                          => "__mode",
6654                                 "no_caller_saved_registers"     => "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6655                                 "noclone"                       => "__noclone",
6656                                 "noinline"                      => "noinline",
6657                                 "nonstring"                     => "__nonstring",
6658                                 "noreturn"                      => "__noreturn",
6659                                 "packed"                        => "__packed",
6660                                 "pure"                          => "__pure",
6661                                 "section"                       => "__section",
6662                                 "used"                          => "__used",
6663                                 "weak"                          => "__weak"
6664                         );
6665
6666                         while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6667                                 my $orig_attr = $1;
6668                                 my $params = '';
6669                                 $params = $2 if defined($2);
6670                                 my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6671                                 $curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6672                                 if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6673                                         my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6674                                         if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6675                                                 $params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6676                                                 $new = "__$1\($2";
6677                                         } else {
6678                                                 $new = "$new$params";
6679                                         }
6680                                         if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6681                                                  "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6682                                             $fix) {
6683                                                 my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6684                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6685                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6686                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6687                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6688                                         }
6689                                 }
6690                         }
6691
6692                         # Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6693                         if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6694                                 WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6695                                      "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6696                         }
6697                 }
6698
6699 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6700                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6701                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6702                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6703                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6704                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6705                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6706                 }
6707
6708 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6709                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6710                     $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6711                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6712                         my $type = $1;
6713                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6714                                 $type = $1;
6715                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
6716                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6717                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
6718                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
6719                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6720                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6721                                     $fix) {
6722                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6723                                 }
6724                         }
6725                 }
6726
6727 # check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6728                 if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6729                         my $cast = $1;
6730                         my $const = $2;
6731                         my $suffix = "";
6732                         my $newconst = $const;
6733                         $newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6734                         $suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6735                         if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6736                             $suffix .= 'LL';
6737                         } elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6738                             $suffix .= 'L';
6739                         }
6740                         if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6741                                  "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6742                             $fix) {
6743                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6744                         }
6745                 }
6746
6747 # check for sizeof(&)
6748                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6749                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6750                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6751                 }
6752
6753 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
6754                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6755                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6756                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6757                             $fix) {
6758                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6759                         }
6760                 }
6761
6762 # check for struct spinlock declarations
6763                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6764                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6765                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6766                 }
6767
6768 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6769                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6770                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6771                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6772                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6773                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6774                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6775                                     $fix) {
6776                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6777                                 }
6778                         }
6779                 }
6780
6781 # check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6782                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6783                     defined $stat &&
6784                     $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6785                     $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6786                         my $stat_real;
6787
6788                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6789                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6790                         for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6791                                 my $specifier;
6792                                 my $extension;
6793                                 my $qualifier;
6794                                 my $bad_specifier = "";
6795                                 my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6796                                 $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6797
6798                                 while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6799                                         $specifier = $1;
6800                                         $extension = $2;
6801                                         $qualifier = $3;
6802                                         if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6803                                             ($extension eq "f" &&
6804                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
6805                                             ($extension eq "4" &&
6806                                              defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
6807                                                 $bad_specifier = $specifier;
6808                                                 last;
6809                                         }
6810                                         if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6811                                                 if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6812                                                         $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6813                                                 }
6814                                                 WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6815                                                      "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6816                                         }
6817                                 }
6818                                 if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6819                                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6820                                         my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6821                                         my $use = "";
6822                                         if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6823                                                 $use = " - use %pS instead";
6824                                                 $use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6825                                         }
6826
6827                                         WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6828                                              "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6829                                 }
6830                         }
6831                 }
6832
6833 # Check for misused memsets
6834                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6835                     defined $stat &&
6836                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6837
6838                         my $ms_addr = $2;
6839                         my $ms_val = $7;
6840                         my $ms_size = $12;
6841
6842                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6843                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
6844                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6845                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6846                                 WARN("MEMSET",
6847                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6848                         }
6849                 }
6850
6851 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6852 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6853 #                   defined $stat &&
6854 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6855 #                       if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6856 #                                "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6857 #                           $fix) {
6858 #                               $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6859 #                       }
6860 #               }
6861
6862 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6863 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6864 #                   defined $stat &&
6865 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6866 #                       WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6867 #                            "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6868 #               }
6869
6870 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6871 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6872 #               if ($perl_version_ok &&
6873 #                   defined $stat &&
6874 #                   $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6875 #
6876 #                       my $ms_val = $7;
6877 #
6878 #                       if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6879 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6880 #                                        "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6881 #                                   $fix) {
6882 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6883 #                               }
6884 #                       } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6885 #                               if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6886 #                                        "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6887 #                                   $fix) {
6888 #                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6889 #                               }
6890 #                       }
6891 #               }
6892
6893 # strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
6894                 if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
6895                         WARN("STRLCPY",
6896                              "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wgfRnXz0W3D37d01q3JFkr_i_uTL=V6A6G1oUZcprmknw\@mail.gmail.com/\n" . $herecurr);
6897                 }
6898
6899 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6900                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6901                     defined $stat &&
6902                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6903                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6904                                 my $call = $1;
6905                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6906                                 my $arg1 = $3;
6907                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6908                                 my $arg2 = $8;
6909                                 my $cast;
6910
6911                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6912                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6913                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6914                                         $cast = $cast1;
6915                                 } else {
6916                                         $cast = $cast2;
6917                                 }
6918                                 WARN("MINMAX",
6919                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6920                         }
6921                 }
6922
6923 # check usleep_range arguments
6924                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6925                     defined $stat &&
6926                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6927                         my $min = $1;
6928                         my $max = $7;
6929                         if ($min eq $max) {
6930                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6931                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6932                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6933                                  $min > $max) {
6934                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6935                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6936                         }
6937                 }
6938
6939 # check for naked sscanf
6940                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6941                     defined $stat &&
6942                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6943                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6944                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6945                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6946                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6947                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6948                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6949                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6950                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6951                 }
6952
6953 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6954                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
6955                     defined $stat &&
6956                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6957                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6958                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
6959                         my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6960                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6961                                 my $format = $6;
6962                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6963                                 if ($count == 1 &&
6964                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6965                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6966                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6967                                 }
6968                         }
6969                 }
6970
6971 # check for new externs in .h files.
6972                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6973                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6974                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6975                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6976                             $fix) {
6977                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6978                         }
6979                 }
6980
6981 # check for new externs in .c files.
6982                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6983                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6984                 {
6985                         my $function_name = $1;
6986                         my $paren_space = $2;
6987
6988                         my $s = $stat;
6989                         if (defined $cond) {
6990                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6991                         }
6992                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
6993                         {
6994                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6995                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6996                         }
6997
6998                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6999                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7000                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
7001                         }
7002
7003                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7004                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
7005                 {
7006                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7007                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7008                 }
7009
7010 # check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
7011                 if (defined $stat &&
7012                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
7013                     $1 ne "void") {
7014                         my $args = trim($1);
7015                         while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
7016                                 my $arg = trim($1);
7017                                 if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
7018                                         WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7019                                              "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
7020                                 }
7021                         }
7022                 }
7023
7024 # check for function definitions
7025                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7026                     defined $stat &&
7027                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
7028                         $context_function = $1;
7029
7030 # check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
7031                         my $ok = 0;
7032                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7033                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
7034                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
7035                                 my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
7036                                 $herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
7037                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
7038                                 $ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
7039                                 last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
7040                         }
7041                         if (!$ok) {
7042                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
7043                                       "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
7044                         }
7045                 }
7046
7047 # checks for new __setup's
7048                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
7049                         my $name = $1;
7050
7051                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
7052                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
7053                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
7054                         }
7055                 }
7056
7057 # check for pointless casting of alloc functions
7058                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
7059                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
7060                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
7061                 }
7062
7063 # alloc style
7064 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
7065                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7066                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
7067                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
7068                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
7069                 }
7070
7071 # check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kvmalloc_array/kvcalloc/kcalloc
7072                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7073                     defined $stat &&
7074                     $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
7075                         my $oldfunc = $3;
7076                         my $a1 = $4;
7077                         my $a2 = $10;
7078                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
7079                         $newfunc = "kvmalloc_array" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
7080                         $newfunc = "kvcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
7081                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
7082                         my $r1 = $a1;
7083                         my $r2 = $a2;
7084                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
7085                                 $r1 = $a2;
7086                                 $r2 = $a1;
7087                         }
7088                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
7089                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
7090                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7091                                 my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7092
7093                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
7094                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
7095                                     $cnt == 1 &&
7096                                     $fix) {
7097                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
7098                                 }
7099                         }
7100                 }
7101
7102 # check for krealloc arg reuse
7103                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7104                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
7105                     $1 eq $3) {
7106                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
7107                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
7108                 }
7109
7110 # check for alloc argument mismatch
7111                 if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?(?:kcalloc|kmalloc_array))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
7112                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
7113                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
7114                 }
7115
7116 # check for multiple semicolons
7117                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
7118                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
7119                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
7120                             $fix) {
7121                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
7122                         }
7123                 }
7124
7125 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
7126                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
7127                     $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
7128                         my $ull = "";
7129                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
7130                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
7131                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
7132                             $fix) {
7133                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
7134                         }
7135                 }
7136
7137 # check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
7138                 if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
7139                         WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
7140                              "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
7141                 }
7142
7143 # check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
7144                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
7145                         my $config = $1;
7146                         if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
7147                                  "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
7148                             $fix) {
7149                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
7150                         }
7151                 }
7152
7153 # check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
7154                 my @fallthroughs = (
7155                         'fallthrough',
7156                         '@fallthrough@',
7157                         'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
7158                         'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
7159                         '(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7160                         'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7161                         'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7162                     );
7163                 if ($raw_comment ne '') {
7164                         foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
7165                                 if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
7166                                         my $msg_level = \&WARN;
7167                                         $msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
7168                                         &{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
7169                                                       "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
7170                                         last;
7171                                 }
7172                         }
7173                 }
7174
7175 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
7176                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7177                     defined $stat &&
7178                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
7179                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7180                         my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7181
7182                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
7183                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
7184                 }
7185
7186 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
7187                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
7188                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
7189                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
7190                             $fix) {
7191                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
7192                         }
7193                 }
7194
7195 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
7196                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
7197                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
7198                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
7199                 }
7200
7201 # check for use of yield()
7202                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
7203                         WARN("YIELD",
7204                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
7205                 }
7206
7207 # check for comparisons against true and false
7208                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
7209                         my $lead = $1;
7210                         my $arg = $2;
7211                         my $test = $3;
7212                         my $otype = $4;
7213                         my $trail = $5;
7214                         my $op = "!";
7215
7216                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
7217
7218                         my $type = lc($otype);
7219                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
7220                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
7221                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
7222                                         $op = "";
7223                                 }
7224
7225                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
7226                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
7227
7228 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
7229 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
7230
7231                         }
7232                 }
7233
7234 # check for semaphores initialized locked
7235                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
7236                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
7237                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
7238                 }
7239
7240 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
7241                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
7242                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
7243                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
7244                 }
7245
7246 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
7247                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
7248                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
7249                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
7250                 }
7251
7252 # check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7253                 if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7254                         WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7255                              "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7256                 }
7257
7258 # check for deprecated apis
7259                 if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7260                         my $deprecated_api = $1;
7261                         my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7262                         WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7263                              "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7264                 }
7265
7266 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7267 # and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7268                 if (defined($const_structs) &&
7269                     $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7270                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7271                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7272                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7273                 }
7274
7275 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7276 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7277 # ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
7278                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7279                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7280                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7281                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7282                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7283                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
7284                     $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
7285                 {
7286                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
7287                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7288                 }
7289
7290 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7291                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7292                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7293                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7294                 }
7295
7296 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7297                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7298                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7299                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7300                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7301                 }
7302
7303 # return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
7304                 if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
7305                     substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
7306                         my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
7307                         if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
7308                                  "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
7309                             $fix) {
7310                                 substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
7311                         }
7312                 }
7313
7314 # nested likely/unlikely calls
7315                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7316                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7317                              "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7318                 }
7319
7320 # whine mightly about in_atomic
7321                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7322                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7323                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7324                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7325                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7326                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7327                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7328                         }
7329                 }
7330
7331 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7332                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7333                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7334                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7335                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7336                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7337                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7338                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7339                         }
7340                 }
7341
7342                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7343                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7344                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7345                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7346                 }
7347
7348 # check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7349 # and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7350 # DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7351                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7352                     defined $stat &&
7353                     $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7354                         my $var = $1;
7355                         my $perms = $2;
7356                         my $show = $3;
7357                         my $store = $4;
7358                         my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7359                         if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7360                             $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7361                             $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7362                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7363                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7364                                     $fix) {
7365                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7366                                 }
7367                         } elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7368                                  $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7369                                  $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7370                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7371                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7372                                     $fix) {
7373                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7374                                 }
7375                         } elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7376                                  $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7377                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7378                                 if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7379                                          "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7380                                     $fix) {
7381                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7382                                 }
7383                         } elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7384                                  $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7385                                  $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7386                                 my $newshow = "$show";
7387                                 $newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7388                                 my $newstore = $store;
7389                                 $newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7390                                 my $rename = "";
7391                                 if ($show ne $newshow) {
7392                                         $rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7393                                 }
7394                                 if ($store ne $newstore) {
7395                                         $rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7396                                 }
7397                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7398                                      "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7399                         } else {
7400                                 WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7401                                      "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7402                         }
7403                 }
7404
7405 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7406 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7407 # o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7408 #   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7409 # o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7410 #   use the default permissions
7411                 if ($perl_version_ok &&
7412                     defined $stat &&
7413                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7414                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7415                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
7416                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7417
7418                                 my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7419                                 $lc = $lc + $linenr;
7420                                 my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7421
7422                                 my $skip_args = "";
7423                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7424                                         $arg_pos--;
7425                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7426                                 }
7427                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7428                                 if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7429                                         my $val = $1;
7430                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7431                                         if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7432                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7433                                              ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7434                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7435                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7436                                         }
7437                                         if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7438                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7439                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7440                                         }
7441                                 }
7442                         }
7443                 }
7444
7445 # check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7446                 while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7447                         my $oval = $1;
7448                         my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7449                         if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7450                                  "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7451                             $fix) {
7452                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7453                         }
7454                 }
7455
7456 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7457                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7458                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7459                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
7460                                                 GPL|
7461                                                 GPL\ v2|
7462                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7463                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7464                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7465                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7466                                                 Proprietary
7467                                         }x;
7468                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7469                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7470                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
7471                         }
7472                         if (!$file && $extracted_string eq '"GPL v2"') {
7473                                 if (WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7474                                      "Prefer \"GPL\" over \"GPL v2\" - see commit bf7fbeeae6db (\"module: Cure the MODULE_LICENSE \"GPL\" vs. \"GPL v2\" bogosity\")\n" . $herecurr) &&
7475                                     $fix) {
7476                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*"GPL v2"\s*\)/MODULE_LICENSE("GPL")/;
7477                                 }
7478                         }
7479                 }
7480
7481 # check for sysctl duplicate constants
7482                 if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7483                         WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7484                                 "duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7485                 }
7486         }
7487
7488         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7489         # so just keep quiet.
7490         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7491                 exit(0);
7492         }
7493
7494         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7495         # things that appear to be patches.
7496         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7497                 exit(0);
7498         }
7499
7500         # This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7501         # just keep quiet.
7502         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7503                 exit(0);
7504         }
7505
7506         if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7507                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7508                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
7509         }
7510         if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7511                 if ($signoff == 0) {
7512                         ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7513                               "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7514                 } elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7515                         # authorsignoff values:
7516                         # 0 -> missing sign off
7517                         # 1 -> sign off identical
7518                         # 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7519                         # 3 -> addresses match, names different
7520                         # 4 -> names match, addresses different
7521                         # 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7522
7523                         my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7524
7525                         if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7526                                 ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7527                                       "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7528                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7529                                 CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7530                                     "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7531                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7532                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7533                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7534                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7535                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7536                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7537                         } elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7538                                 WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7539                                      "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7540                         }
7541                 }
7542         }
7543
7544         print report_dump();
7545         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7546                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7547                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7548                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7549                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7550         }
7551
7552         if ($quiet == 0) {
7553                 # If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7554                 if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7555                         print << "EOM"
7556
7557 NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7558       mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7559 EOM
7560                 }
7561                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7562                 # then suggest that.
7563                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7564                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
7565                         print << "EOM"
7566
7567 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7568       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7569 EOM
7570                 }
7571         }
7572
7573         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7574             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7575              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7576                 my $newfile = $filename;
7577                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7578                 my $linecount = 0;
7579                 my $f;
7580
7581                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7582
7583                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
7584                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7585                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7586                         $linecount++;
7587                         if ($file) {
7588                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
7589                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7590                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7591                                 }
7592                         } else {
7593                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7594                         }
7595                 }
7596                 close($f);
7597
7598                 if (!$quiet) {
7599                         print << "EOM";
7600
7601 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7602
7603 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7604 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7605
7606 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7607 No warranties, expressed or implied...
7608 EOM
7609                 }
7610         }
7611
7612         if ($quiet == 0) {
7613                 print "\n";
7614                 if ($clean == 1) {
7615                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7616                 } else {
7617                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7618                 }
7619         }
7620         return $clean;
7621 }